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SF1 3 > Glute / Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Glute / Posterior Thigh Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Dilation of blood vessel due to weakness of walls

A

aneurysm

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2
Q

Cause(s) of gluteal gait

A

Injury to superior gluteal nerve, congenital dislocation of hip joint, or poliomyelitis. These paralyze the gluteus medius and minimum.

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3
Q

When someone with a gluteal gait is walking, which side tilts down?

A

Non-paralyzed size tilts down when foot of non-paralyzed leg is lifted.

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4
Q

What is a positive trendelenburg sign?

A

when lift opposite leg, pelvis tilts down on non-paralyzed opposite side

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5
Q

What courses between the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius?

A

Superior Gluteal Artery and Superior Gluteal Nerve

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6
Q

Innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

Actions of the gluteus maximus (3)

A

1) extend hip joint
2) laterally rotate hip joint.
3) keep leg extended via iliotibial tract

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8
Q

Origins of gluteus maximus (4)

A

1) ilium
2) sacrum
3) cocyx
4) sacrotuberous ligament

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9
Q

Origin of gluteus medius and minimus

A

ilium

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10
Q

Innervation of gluteus minimus and medius

A

superior gluteal nerve

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11
Q

Insertion of the gluteus maximus (2)

A

Femur and IT tract

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12
Q

Actions of the gluteus medius and minimus (2)

A

1) medially rotate leg **

2) abduct leg

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13
Q

Actions of tensor fascia lata (2)

A

abducts hip and maintains extension of leg

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14
Q

Insertion of tensor fascia lata

A

Iliotibial tract (you can find it attached on the practical)

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15
Q

Bags of fluid surrounded by connective tissue

A

bursae

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16
Q

What is found adjacent to both the ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter?

A

bursae

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17
Q

Separates gluteus maximus from greater trochanter of femur and vastus lateralis

A

trochanteral bursa

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18
Q

Separates gluteus maximus from ischial tuberosity

A

Ischial Bursa

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19
Q

What is Weaver’s Bottom

A

inflammation of ischial bursae

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20
Q

What is different when sitting as opposed to standing in regards to the ischial tuberosities

A

Gluteus maximus covers ischial tuberosities when standing but not when sitting. This can lead to inflammation of the ischial bursae (Weaver’s Bottom)

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21
Q

Starting from the piriformis, what are the four muscles inferior to it in the same plane

A

Superior Gemellus, Obturator Internus, Inferior Gemellus, Quadratus Femoris

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22
Q

Insertion of the piriformis and muscles below

A

Most insert on the greater trochanter

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23
Q

Action of the piriformis and associate muscles below

A

Laterally rotate femur. Also act like rotator cuff and hold head of femur in acetabulum

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24
Q

The two gluteal arteries branch off of…

A

internal iliac artery (leave pelvis via greater sciatic foramen)

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25
What runs in between the Superior and Inferior gluteal arteries?
piriformis (landmark!)
26
Artery coursing in between gluteus medius and minimus
superior gluteal artery
27
Innervates gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fascia lata
superior gluteal nerve
28
innervates gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
29
large sensory nerve to posterior thigh and gluteal region; medial to the sciatic nerve
posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
30
Largest nerve in the body
sciatic nerve
31
Two parts of the sciatic nerve
Sciatic and peroneal
32
What does the sciatic nerve end as?
tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve
33
Posterior dislocation of hip joint can damage which nerve?
sciatic nerve
34
Why do they give intramuscular injections in the upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region?
avoid damage to the sciatic nerve
35
Piriformis syndrome
Sciatic nerve or branches can sometimes pass through the piriformis and get compressed when standing or walking
36
Symptoms of piriformis syndrome
pain in buttock, radiating pain when standing/walking
37
All hamstring muscles (besides biceps short head) originate from...
ischial tuberosity
38
hamstrings in order of medial to lateral
1) semimembranosus 2) semitendinosus 3) biceps femoris
39
Action of hamstring muscles
extend thigh (all except biceps short head) and flex leg
40
Where is the short head of the biceps femoris in relation to the long head?
it's deep and slightly lateral (barely)
41
Innervation of the hamstrings
Tibial part of sciatic nerve (except short head of biceps! innervated by peroneal part of sciatic nerve)
42
Pulled hamstring
tear or avulsion (pull off) part of origin of muscles from ischial tuberosity
43
Diamond shaped region in back of the knee
popliteal fossa
44
Borders of the popliteal fossa (med/lat superior, med/lat inferior)
Med Sup: semimembranosus, semitendinosus Lat Sup: biceps femoris Med Inf: medial head of gastrocnemius Lat Inf: lateral head of gastrocnemius
45
What's noteworthy about the popliteal fossa?
Fascia over it very strong and does not permit expansion. Causes pain from abscess or tumor.
46
Nerve accompanying the small saphenous vein
sural nerve
47
What vein does the sural nerve accompany
small saphenous
48
Branches of the sciatic nerve separating in the popliteal fossa
sciatic nerve becomes tibial and common peroneal nerves
49
Sensory to posterior side of calf and lateral foot. Branch off tibial nerve.
sural nerve
50
Nerve supplying posterior compartment of the leg
tibial nerve
51
Supplies lateral and anterior compartment of the leg
common peroneal nerve
52
Sensory to skin of lateral calf. Branch of common peroneal nerve
lateral sural cutaneous nerve
53
Related to the calf (latin)
sural
54
Effect of damage to common peroneal nerve
foot drop
55
How can common peroneal nerve get damaged?
fracture of fibula (it winds around neck of fibula)
56
Muscle which laterally rotates femur to unlock the knee joint. Deep muscle of posterior compartment.
popliteus muscle
57
After passing the popliteal fossa, what does the popliteal artery divide into distally?
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
58
Superior Medial Genicular Artery anastomoses with...
Descending Genicular Artery (from femoral artery)
59
Superior Lateral Genicular Artery anastomoses with...
Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery | LATERAL TO LATERAL
60
Inferior Medial Genuicular Artery anastomoses with....
recurrent branch of anterior tibial artery
61
Inferior Lateral Genicular Artery anastomoses with...
Recurrent branch of anterior tibial artery
62
Where can the femoral artery be ligated due to continued blood flow via the genicular anastomosis
above knee, deep to sartorius

SF1 3 (8 decks)

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