Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are Gram negative organisms split into?

A

Cocci, Bacilli and Cocco-Bacilli

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2
Q

What are Bacilli divided into?

A

Aerobic, anaerobic (facultive and non) and microaerophilic

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3
Q

Subgroups of anaerobic bacilli

A

Lactose fermenters and non-lactose fermenters

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4
Q

Examples of anaerobic lactose fermenters

A
  • Escherichia Coli

- Klebsiella Spp.

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5
Q

Escherichia Coli

A
  • Anaerobic lactose fermenters
  • UTI
  • Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli - bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemia syndrome
  • Enterotoxogenic E. coli - Traveller’s diarrhoea
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6
Q

Klebsiella Spp.

A
  • Anaerobic lactose fermenter
  • UTI
  • Hospital aquired pneumonia
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7
Q

Examples of anaerobic non-lactose fermenters

A
  • Proteus Spp.
  • Shigella Spp.
  • Pseudomonas Spp.
  • Salmonella Spp.
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8
Q

Shigella Spp.

A
  • Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
  • Diarrhoea
  • Dysentery (blood & pus in stools)
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9
Q

Proteus Spp.

A
  • Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter

- UTI

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10
Q

Pseudomonas Spp.

A
  • Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
  • Water and soil coloniser - drains, sinks, mops
  • May contaminate medical equipment
  • Hospital aquired cause of sepsis - UTI, bacteraemia, pneumonia
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11
Q

Salmonella Spp.

A
  • Anaerobic non-lactose fermenter
  • Diarrhoea
  • Salmonella Enterica
  • Salmonella Typhi - typhoid fever and constipation
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12
Q

Example of an aerobic bacillus

A

Legionella Spp.

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13
Q

Examples of curved microaerophilic bacilli

A
  • Campylobacter Spp.
  • Helicobacter Pylori
  • Vibro Cholerae
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14
Q

Campylobacter Spp.

A
  • Curved microaerophilic bacillus
  • Likes low O2
  • Faecal-oral route
  • Source is domestic animals, chicken
  • Foul smelling then blood diarrhoea
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15
Q

Helicobacter Pylori

A
  • Curved microaerophilic bacillus
  • Human stomach habitat
  • Damages mucosa and causes ulcers
  • Risk of gastric adenocarcinoma
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16
Q

Vibrio cholerae

A
  • Curved microaerophilic bacillus
  • Cholera
  • Severe diarrhoea
  • Water contaminated with human faeces
17
Q

Examples of anaerobic bacilli

A
  • Bacteroides Fragilis
  • Porphromonas Spp.
  • Prevotella Spp.
18
Q

Bacteroides Fragilis

A
  • Anaerobic bacillus
  • Normal colonic flora
  • intra-abdominal abscess
19
Q

Porphromonas and Prevotella (oral anaerobe)

A
  • Anaerobic bacilli
  • Periodontal disease
  • Dental abscesses
  • Aspiration pneumonia
20
Q

Example of a cocci-bacilli and what is causes

A

Haemophilus Influenza

  • Respiratory tract infection
  • Capsulated form (type B) caused meningitis in children - Him conjugate vaccine
21
Q

Examples of aerobic cocci

A
  • Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
  • Moraxella Catarrhalis
  • Neisseria Meningitidis
22
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

A
  • Aerobic cocci
  • Urethritis in men
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease in women
  • STI
23
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis

A
  • Aerobic cocci
  • Meningitis - inflammation of the meninges and septicaemia
  • Treated with IV penicillin
  • Groups A,B and C but vaccine available for only A and C
24
Q

Moraxella Catarrhalis

A
  • Aerobic cocci

- Respiratory tract infection