Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology > Granulopoiesis > Flashcards

Granulopoiesis Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Factors that increase Leukopoiesis

A

Leukopoietin

Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Leukopoietin

A
  • Causes proliferation of precursor cells in bone marrow (BM)
  • Increased release of mature or almost mature cells from BM to circulation
  • Alters ratio of stored/circulating cells
    • Available in synthetic form for chemo patients → neulastin/neulasta / neulastim
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

infection (increases leukopoiesis)

A

detected by release of chemotactic factors released from infecting organism or virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Granulopoiesis characteristics

As granulocyte develops..

A
  • Cell volume decreases
  • NC ratio decreases
  • Chromatin → condenses and creates lobules
  • Nucleoli → disappear
  • Cytoplasm → primary and secondary granules appear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CFU-GEMM → CFU-Bas →

A

Basophil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CFU-GEMM → CFU-GM → CFU-G

A

Neutrophil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CFU-GEMM → CFU-Eo →

A

Eosinophil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Myeloblast

(basophilic, eosinophilic, neutrophilic lines)

size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC?

BM?

A

size → 14-20 micro m

Nucleus → round, oval, slightly indented. 2-4 nucleoli. Chromatin is fine meshlike; light red/purple

Cytoplasm → small amount; moderate blue. NO granules

NC → 7:1 - 5:1

BM → 0-2%; Normally only in BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Auer Rods are only present in

A

Myeloblast + Promyelocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Promyelocyte

(Basophilic, Eosinophilic, Neutrophilic lines)

Size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC ratio?

BM%?

A

Size → 15-22 micro m

Nucleus → can be obscured. Oval/round/possibly eccentric, flattened. 1-3 nucleoli, Chromatin is medium density; light red/purple

Cytoplasm → moderate blue. Primary granules; Azurophilic, non specific

NC ratio → 5:1 - 3:1

BM → 1-4% normally only in BM

BM%?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A

Promyelocyte (basophilic, eosinophilic, neutrophilic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
A

Promyelocyte (basophilic, eosinophilic, neutrophilic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

Promyelocyte (basophilic, eosinophilic, neutrophilic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Primary granules in Promyelocyte contain..

A

Myeloperoxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Eosinophilic Series

A
  1. Eosinophilic Myelocyte
  2. Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte
  3. Band Eosinophil
  4. Eosinophil

Defense against parasitic + fungal infections

Inactivates mast cell products during anaphylactic reactions

Highest amount at 4 am

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Eosinophilic series specific/secondary granules contain

A

Major basic protein + Eosinophil Peroxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A

Eosinophilic Myelocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Eosinophilic Myelocyte

Size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC ratio?

BM ?

A

Size → 10-18 micro m

Nucleus → oval/flat. chromatin is course/slightly granular + red/purple

Cytoplasm → filled with large/red secondary granules

NC ratio → 2:1 - 1:1

BM → 0-3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte

size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC?

BM?

A

size → 10-15 micro m

Nucleus → indented eccentric/kidney bean. Indention = less than half nuclear diameter. Chromatin: patches of course

Cytoplasm → pale blue/pink. Red/orange secondary granules

NC → 1:1

BM → 0-5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

Eosinophilic Metamyelocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

Eosinophilic Band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Eosinophilic Band

size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC?

BM?

A

size → 9-15 micro m

Nucleus → Band Shaped w/ NO filament. Indention is more than ½ nuclear diameter. Chromatin is coarsely clumped “leopard”

Cytoplasm → orange/pink. Red orange secondary granules

NC → 1:1 - 1:2

BM → 0-5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
A

Eosinophil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Eosinophil

size?

Nucleus?

Cytoplasm?

NC?

BM?

A

size → 10-16 micro m

Nucleus → Bi-Lobed (connected by thin filament). Chromatin is coarsely granular

Cytoplasm → orange/pink. Red orange secondary granules

NC → 1:2

BM → 0-1%; present in peripheral blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Eosinophil
26
Basophilic Series
Smallest in circulation Allergic reactions Specific/secondary granules contain → **Histamine and heparin (water soluble)**
27
histamine
vasoconstriction
28
heparin
anticoagulant
29
Basophilic Myelocyte
30
**Basophilic Myelocyte** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 10-18 micro m Nucleus → oval/indented/obscured. Chromatin is courser/slightly granular, red purple. Nucleoli →none for remaining maturation Cytoplasm → **Filled with large purple-black secondary granules** NC → 2:1 - 1:1 BM → 0-3%
31
Basophilic Metamyelocyte
32
**Basophilic Metamyelocyte** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 10-15 micro m Nucleus → indented eccentric/kidney bean. **Indention = less than half nuclear diameter.** Chromatin is in patches of course Cytoplasm → pale blue. purple/black secondary granules NC → 1:1 BM → 0-5%
33
**Basophilic Band** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 9-15 micro m Nucleus → **Band shaped - no filament. Indention is more than ½ nuclear diameter.** Chromatin is coarsely clumped “leopard spots” Cytoplasm → pale blue + purple/black secondary granules NC → 1:1 - 1:2 BM → 0-5%
34
Basophilic Band
35
Basophil
36
**Basophil (segmented)** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 10-14 micro m Nucleus → lobulated (2) / clover like /obscured. Chromatin is coarse, clumped Cytoplasm → pale blue. Purple/black secondary granules; can lead to decolorized areas if over rinsed (water soluble) NC → 1:3 BM → 1:3 **Referred to as Mast Cell in tissues**
37
Basophil (over rinsed on left)
38
Mast cell (tissue basophil)
39
Neutrophilic Series
Most numerous Protects host from microorganisms Release substance causing chemotaxis 2 populations → marginating pool and circulation Specific/ secondary granules contain **Collagenase, lactoferrin, lysozyme**
40
Neutrophilic Myelocyte
41
“dawn of neutrophilia"
first distinguishable neutrophil
42
**Neutrophilic myelocyte** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 10-18 micro m Nucleus → oval/flattened, chromatin: course/slightly granular, red/purple. No nucleoli Cytoplasm → **Filled with dusty fine, red/blue secondary granules** NC → 5-20 % BM?
43
Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte
44
**Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 10-15 micro m Nucleus → indented eccentric/kidney bean. **Indention is less than half nuclear diameter.** Chromatin: patches of course Cytoplasm → blue/pink. Fine, dusty red/blue secondary granules NC → 1:1 BM → 5-15 %
45
Neutrophilic metamyelocyte
46
Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte
47
**Band Neutrophil** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 9-15 micro m Nucleus → **Band shaped. Indention more than nuclear diameter.** Chromatin is coarsely clumped “leopard spots”. Cytoplasm → brownish, pinkish, bluish NC → 1:1 - 1:2 BM → 10 - 35%; present in peripheral blood
48
Band Neutrophil
49
Band Neutrophil
50
Band Neutrophil
51
Band Neutrophil
52
Segmented Neutrophil aka PMN
53
Segmented Neutrophil aka PMN
54
Segmented Neutrophil aka PMN
55
Segmented Neutrophil aka PMN
56
**Segmented Neutrophil** size? Nucleus? Cytoplasm? NC? BM?
size → 9 -15 micro m Nucleus → 2-5 distinct lobes connected with filament. Chromatin is clumped and granular Cytoplasm → pale lilac with blue shading. Fine dusty, red/blue secondary granules NC → 1:3 BM → 5-15 % present in peripheral blood
57
Neutrophil Toxic Granulation
primary granules (from promyelocyte stage) remain through maturation Quantity is graded 0-4 Possible causes → severe infection, Rheumatoid Arthiritis
58
**Primary granules** Start? What happens during maturation? Specific/Nonspecific?
Start → Promyelocyte stage What happens during maturation → normally decrease in Myelocyte stage Specific/Nonspecific → NON SPECIFIC
59
**Secondary Granules** Start? What happens during maturation? Specific/Nonspecific?
Start → myelocyte stage What happens during maturation → stays present through entire remaining maturation Specific/Nonspecific → specific for granulocytic cell line
60
Proliferation storage pool - Bone Marrow
myeloblasts promyelocytes myelocytes 3-6 days cell dividing
61
Maturation Storage Pool - Bone Marrow
Metamyelocyte Bands segmented cells 5-7 days non dividing cells
62
Functional pool - Blood Stream
_Circulating pool_ 6 hours Enters tissue by diapedesis cannot reenter blood or BM _Marginating pool_ Replenishes circulating cells
63
Marginate stimuli
synthetics hemodialysis viral infection
64
Demarginate stimuli- enter circulating pool
Severe exercise Stress Administration of epinephrine E. coli, pseudomonas or staphylococcus infection

Hematology (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions