Monopoiesis

Question 1

CFU-GEMM → CFU-GM - CFU-M

Answer 1

monoblast → promonocyte →. monocyte > macrophage

Question 2

As monocytic cell develops ..

Answer 2

• Cell volume slightly decreases
• NC ratio decreases
• Chromatin stays fine
• Nucleoli disappear

After maturation, it can move into the tissue and expand, becoming a macrophage

Question 3

Monocytes are increased in:

Answer 3

mumps (viral infection)

Intracellular bacterial infections → tuberculosis, legionella, salmonella

Question 4

Monoblast

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

Answer 4

size → 15-25 micro m

Nucleus → round, oval. chromatin is fine, pale, threadlike. Nucleoli

Cytoplasm → moderate/ basophilic

NC → 7:1-4:1

BM → 0-1%

Question 5

Promonocyte

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

Answer 5

size

Nucleus - Peaked crease

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

Last stage of mitotic divison

Question 6

Answer 6

Promonocyte

Question 7

Maturation differences b/w monoblast and promonocyte

Answer 7

• Chromatin stays fine, but shifts from thread like to reticular pattern
• Prominent crease forms
• More cytoplasm with paler color

Question 8

Answer 8

Promonocytes

Question 9

Mature Monocyte

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

Answer 9

size

Nucleus → Convolutions/different shapes. Lacy chromatin. No nucleoli

Cytoplasm → ground glass, vacuoles may appear

NC

BM

Question 10

Answer 10

Monocyte

Question 11

Answer 11

Monocyte

Question 12

Answer 12

Monocyte

Question 13

Answer 13

promonocyte

Question 14

Answer 14

monocyte

Question 15

Answer 15

Macrophage

Question 16

Monocytes move into tissue and become

Answer 16

macrophages. They do not normally re-enter blood stream, but can during inflammation

Question 17

A fixed (non-motile) macrophage is termed

Answer 17

histiocyte

Question 18

Answer 18

Tart cell

Question 19

Answer 19

Tart cell

Question 20

What is a tart cell?

Answer 20

phagocytic cell engulfing at least the nucleus of another cell (also when engulfing an entire RBC). If nuclear material stays intact with normal staining features - not digested.

Question 21

Macrophage function:

Answer 21

1. Phagocytosis
2. Antigen presentation
3. Secretion

Question 22

Phagocytosis - Liver

Answer 22

Kupffer Cells

Question 23

Phagocytosis - lungs

Answer 23

Alveolar macrophages

Question 24

phagocytosis - bone

Answer 24

osteoclasts

Question 25

phagocytosis - skin and mucosa

Answer 25

langerhans cell

Question 26

Secretion of cytokines by macrophages

Answer 26

• induce fever
• complement
• capillary growth factors
• chemotactic factors
• stimulating factors

Question 27

Antigen presentation

Answer 27

Macrophage ingest something with foreign antigen. Ingest the particle, but “foreign” parts are preserved. Foreign parts are mixed with macrophage RNA. Mixture is then brought to cell’s surface