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Greece Flashcards

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1
Q

Peloponnesus Peninsula

A

One of 2 Greek peninsulas

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2
Q

Aegean Sea

A

The eastern sea bordering Greece

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3
Q

Mediterranean Sea

A

The south sea bordering Greece

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4
Q

Ionian Sea

A

The western sea bordering greece

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5
Q

Black Sea

A

A sea used to make contact with non-Greek people

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6
Q

Bronze Age

A

The time when bronze became widely used in greece

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7
Q

Crete

A

An island in Greece where the Minoan civilization started

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8
Q

Minoans

A

Non Greeks who influenced the people from the Greek mainland

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9
Q

Minos

A

A Crete king who supposedly built a labyrinth

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10
Q

Knossos

A

A place in Crete that was the center of a trade based empore

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11
Q

Mycenaean

A

A fortified site in the Greek mainland

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12
Q

Mycenaeans

A

Indo Europeans whose family spread into Europe and Asia

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13
Q

Homer

A

The author of the Odyssey and the Iliad, wrote about the Trojan War

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14
Q

The dark age

A

A time in Greek history where few events were recorded

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15
Q

Ionia

A

A strip of land in Asia Minor (modern day turkey)

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16
Q

Epic poem

A

A poem that describes a hero, and teaches about the customs of a place

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17
Q

Trojan War

A

A war overdramatized in literature about Helen of Troy being kidnapped (in reality probably over trade)

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18
Q

Illiad

A

A story about Achilles, and his problematic anger

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19
Q

Achilles

A

A Greek hero from the Iliad, whose anger caused problems

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20
Q

The odyssey

A

A story about Odyssey, and his journey home after the Trojan war

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21
Q

Arete

A

A hero’s strive for excellence won in a battle or contest

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22
Q

Polis

A

A Greek word for a city state

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23
Q

Acropolis

A

A fortified area used as a place of refuge or as a religious center

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24
Q

Agora

A

A place below the acropolis used for assemblies and as a marketplace

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25
Hoplites
Heavily armed infantry soldiers
26
Phalanx
A rectangular marching pattern
27
Hellespont
1 of 2 cities on the Black Sea strait (area of water connecting other seas)
28
Bosporus
1 of 2 cities on the Black Sea strait (area of water connecting other seas)
29
Byzantium
The city that eventually became Istanbul
30
Tyrants
A leader who takes power from the aristocrats with force
31
Democracy
When the government is ruled by the people using their opinions
32
Oligarchy
When the gov is ruled by a select people
33
Sparta
A Greek polis focused on raising warriors that conquered many neighboring city states
34
Helots
Any people who were conquered by Sparta
35
Spartan
The people living in Sparta
36
Ephors
5 men elected to be in charge of the education of the children in Sparta
37
Athens
A polis more focuses on philosophy and arts, located on the Attica peninsula (originally a monarchy)
38
Solon
A reform minded aristocrat in Athens, who temporarily stopped tyranny
39
Peisistratus
An aristocrat who improved trade
40
Cleisthenes
An aristocrat who created a council which could pass laws after debating them
41
Faithfulness
Staying loyal to your country, gods, and family
42
Eloquence
To be well spoken
43
Asia Minor
A peninsula in Turkey
44
Darius
A ruler of Persia who wanted revenge after his captured cities tried to revolt
45
Pheidippides
A person who ran from Marathon to Persia
46
Xerxes
The ruler after Darius who promised revenge on Greece
47
Delian League
A defensive alliance formed Athenians to defeat Persia
48
Delos
An island with the headquarters of the Delian League
49
Pericles
A dominant figure in politics who expanded Athens border
50
Age of Pericles
The time of the height of Athens power and intelligence
51
Direct democracy
A system where men directly voted for gov decisions
52
Ostracism
When the men would write a harmful person on a piece of pottery, and they would be exiled for 10 years
53
The Peloponnesian War
A war between Athens and Sparta with many battles and deaths before Athens surrendered
54
Thebes
A new Greek power who struggled with Athens and Sparta to dominate Greek affairs
55
Macedonia
A growing power North of the Greeks
56
Olympus
The tallest mountain in Greece
57
Rituals
Ceremonies or rites
58
Oracle
A sacred shrine where a god revealed the future through a priest(ess)
59
Delphi
Apollo’s most famous oracle
60
Parthenon
The best example of a classic Greek temple
61
Tragedies
Greek dramas split into three parts with a common theme
62
Oresteia
The only complete tragedy we have, about Agenemnom’s fate
63
Aeschylus
The author of Oresteia
64
Sophocles
The writer of Oedipus Rex
65
Oedipus Rex
A play where an oracle predicts a bad fate for a man, who tries to prevent it, but it happens anyway
66
Euripides
Another Athenian play writer who tried making more realistic characters
67
Comedies
A play critiquing politicians while being entertaining
68
Herodotus
The author of “History of the Persian Wars”, providing a more accurate description of wars, seen as father of history
69
History of the Persian Wars
A story about the Greeks and Persians, and how he viewed them
70
Thucydides
The “greatest historian” who fought in a war, and saw war as a result of human activities
71
Philosophy
An organized system of thought
72
Pythagoras
A philosopher who taught the existence of the universe could be found in music and numbers
73
Sophists
Traveling teachers who didn’t promote specific beliefs, but wanted to argue effectively
74
Socrates
A sculptor who loved philosophy and disliked the Sophists
75
Ethics
The ability to be happy by living and behaving morally
76
Socratic method
A method used to teach students to find answers on their own
77
Plato
A student of Socrates who wrote his thoughts and is considered a great philosopher
78
Plato
A student of Socrates who wrote his thoughts and is considered a great philosopher
79
The republic
A book by Plato describing his dislike for democracy
80
Aristotle
Plato’s most famous student who classified things using observation and investigation
81
Politics
How am area is run

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