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WSET Level 4 - D3 > Greece - Wine Regions > Flashcards

Greece - Wine Regions Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

In what three areas are the PDOs located?

A
  • Macedonia
  • Peloponnese
  • Islands in the Aegean Sea
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2
Q

Macedonia
Where is it located?

A

Northern border of the country

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3
Q

Macedonia
What is the climate?

A
  • Mountains: Continental
  • Plain: Mediterranean
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4
Q

Macedonia
What is the avg. rainfall? (mountains and in the plain)

A
  • Mountains: 650-700mm
  • Plain: drier (rain shadow of mountains)
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5
Q

Macedonia
What are the two leading PDOs in the mountain area?

A
  • Naoussa
  • Amynteo
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6
Q

Macedonia
What is the soil type in the plain area?

A

Fertile soils

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7
Q

Macedonia
What type of quality comes from the plain area?

A
  • Mostly higher-volume, but some good to very good examples
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8
Q

Macedonia
What are the two PGIs from the plain area that produce higher quality wines?

A
  • Drama
  • Kavala
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9
Q

Macedonia
What style of wine is the Drama valley known for?

A

High-quality, full-bodied Bordeaux blends

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10
Q

Macedonia
What other variety wines are produced in Drama and Kavala?

A
  • Chardonnay
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Assyrtiko
  • Malagousia
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11
Q

Macedonia
What varieties are grown in the PDOs Naoussa and Amynteo?

A

100% Xinomavro

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12
Q

PDO Naoussa
Where is it located and at what altitude?

A
  • Mount Vermio (south-eastern slopes)
  • 150-400m altitude
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13
Q

PDO Naoussa
What is the typical style? (variety, acidity, tannins, complexity, ageing, quality, price)

A
  • Xinomavro
  • High acidity
  • High tannins
  • Great complexity
  • Potential to age for decades
  • Good to outstanding
  • Mostly mid-priced (some premium)
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14
Q

PDO Naoussa
Name two significant producers

A
  • Thymiopoulos Vineyards
  • Kir-Yianni
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15
Q

PDO Naoussa
Describe the recent trends in winemaking and grape growing

A
  • Modern style with deeper color and less tannins (cold soaking/whole-bunch fermentation)
  • Village or single-vineyard wines (due to micro climates)
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16
Q

PDO Amynteo
Where is it located?

A

Mount Vermio (north-western side - opposite to Naoussa)

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17
Q

PDO Amynteo
At what altitudes are vineyards located?

A

570-750m altitude

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18
Q

PDO Amynteo
Describe the climate based on where the vineyards are located

A

Northerly aspect: Cold northerly winds, leading to cool summers and cold winters

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19
Q

PDO Amynteo
What moderates the cold temperatures?

A

Several lakes nearby

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20
Q

PDO Amynteo
What are problems of vineyards closer to the lakes?

A
  • Increased risk of rot
  • More fertile soil
  • Yields have to be controlled
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21
Q

PDO Amynteo
What is the typical style compared to Naoussa? (body, tannins, aromas, quality, price)

A
  • Lighter in body
  • Lower in tannins
  • The best have floral notes
  • Good to very good
  • Mid-priced
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22
Q

PDO Amynteo
Name a significant producer

A

Alpha Estate

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23
Q

Peloponnese
What and where is it?

A

Peninsula in the southern part of the Greek mainland

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24
Q

Peloponnese
What percentage of vineyard plantings is located here?

A

30%

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25
**Peloponnese** What are the most significant PDOs?
* Nemea * Mantinia
26
**Peloponnese** What is the climate and how is it moderated?
* Moderate temperatures * Moderated by altitude
27
**Peloponnese** What type of soil is there?
Mostly poor, rocky soils
28
**Peloponnese** Besides the PDO Nemea, what white grapes dominate this area?
* Moschofilero * Roditis
29
**Peloponnese** What type of wines and from what grapes are wines outside the PDOs produced?
* Large volumes of inexpensive wines * Esp. from Roditis and Agiorgitiko
30
**PDO Nemea** What grape varieties are allowed?
100% Agiorgitiko
31
**PDO Nemea** What general styles of wines are permitted for production?
* Dry * Sweet (rare)
32
**PDO Nemea** What quality levels are produced?
* Acceptable and good quality inexpensive wines * Very good and outstanding age worthy wines for premium and super-premium prices
33
**PDO Nemea** Name two significant producers
* Gaia Wines * Tselepos
34
**PDO Nemea** What is the climate?
Mediterranean
35
**PDO Nemea** What is the avg. annual rainfall?
400-900mm (high variations)
36
**PDO Nemea** What are the three distinct zones and what are the altitudes?
* Lowest zone (230-400 m) * Middle zone (450-650 m) * Highest zone (650-1,000 m)
37
**PDO Nemea** What is the climate/soil and what wines are produced in the lowest zone (230-400m)?
* Hottest zone * Most fertile soil * Usually inexpensive wines * Also high-quality sweet wines
38
**PDO Nemea** What is the climate/soil and what wines are produced in the middle zone (450-650m)?
* Cooler zone * Poor, free-draining soils naturally limit yields * Highest quality wines
39
**PDO Nemea** What is the climate/soil and what wines are produced in the highest zone (650-1,000m)?
* Cool temperatures * Clay soil * Fresh red fruit flavors and harsh tannins -> Rosé production * Potential for fresher style red wines with higher acidity is explored
40
**PDO Mantinia** Where is it located?
* South and west of Nemea * Plateau (>600m altitude)
41
**PDO Mantinia** What is the climate?
* One of the coolest grape-growing areas in Greece, because of altitude * Despite its southerly latitude
42
**PDO Mantinia** At what time are grapes harvested?
* Usually starting October, sometimes November * Grape do not reach full ripeness in cold years
43
**PDO Mantinia** What varieties are allowed?
* White wines ONLY * Min 85% Moschofilero
44
**PDO Mantinia** What is the typical style of wine? (acidity, alcohol, body, aromas, quality, price)
* High acidity * Low to medium alcohol * Medium(-) to medium body * Floral and slightly spicy aromas * Good to very good in quality * Usually mid-priced
45
**PDO Mantinia** How are the wines made and what is their ageing potential?
* Fermented in stainless steel * Tend to be drunk when young
46
**PDO Mantinia** Name two significant producers
* Boutari * Seméli Estate
47
**Greek islands** Describe rainfall, soil, and hazards prevalent on the islands
* Very low rainfall * Rocky soils with poor water retention * Strong winds
48
**Greek islands** Why did many growers decide to sell their land?
The difficult conditions make grape growing very expensive
49
**Greek islands** Name 6 islands with high reputation and the style of wine they produce
* Santorini * Paros (PDOs for still and sweet wines) * Tinos * Samos and Lemnos (famous for their sweet Muscats) * Crete (gaining a reputation for high-quality wines from both indigenous and international varieties)
50
**PDO Santorini** For what styles of wines is it known? (color, sweetness, variety)
* White * Dry and sweet * Primarily from Assyrtiko
51
**PDO Santorini** How are the vines trained and why?
* Basket shape, low to the ground * Strong winds
52
**PDO Santorini** How are new vines planted?
Every twenty years or so, a new basket is started from a shoot
53
**PDO Santorini** How much effort is the basket shaped training system?
Roughly 4 times the effort of conventional trellis systems
54
**PDO Santorini** What is the avg. annual rainfall and what is the consequence?
* Very low rainfall * Hence, vine density is low: < 2,500 vines / ha
55
**PDO Santorini** What is the soil?
Volcanic and very infertile
56
**PDO Santorini** What is the max yield and what is it often in practice?
* 60 hL/ha (lowest permitted max yields in Greece) * 15 hL/ha (from oldest vines)
57
**PDO Santorini** What's the min amount of Assyrtiko for dry and sweet wines?
* Dry: min 75% * Sweet: min 50%
58
**PDO Santorini** What is the typical style of the dry wines? (acidity, alcohol, aroma, ageing, quality, price)
* High acidity * Medium to high alcohol * Distinctive smoky characteristic and citrus, stone, and tropical fruit * Highest quality wines can age for a decade, developing a honey, toasty character * Good to outstanding in quality * Mid to premium priced
59
**PDO Santorini** How is Vinsanto made?
* Late-harvested grapes * Dried in the sun for up to two weeks * Aged for at least two years in oak * Often casks not fully filled to encourage oxidation
60
**PDO Santorini** What is the typical style of Vinsanto? (sweetness, acidity, aromas, quality, price)
* Sweet (200–300 g/L) * High acidity * Raisins, coffee and chocolate * Very good to outstanding quality * Premium to super-premium prices
61
**PDO Santorini** Name to significant producers
* Estate Argyros * Domaine Sigalas

WSET Level 4 - D3 (56 decks)

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