Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

WSET Level 4 - D3 > South Africa > Flashcards

South Africa Flashcards

(111 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Climate
Where is it located, what is the climate, and what are climatic influences?

A
  • Latitude: 32-35°S (comparable to California)
  • Warm Mediterranean climate
  • Influenced by Western Cape’s many mountain ranges, slopes and aspects
  • Proximity to the ocean (cooling effect)
  • Cold north-flowing Benguela current
  • Large temp difference between ocean and land causes regular beneficial coastal fog and cooling breezes
  • Cape Doctor during spring and summer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Climate
Comment on diseases and hazards

A
  • Low disease pressure due to winds (cape doctor)
  • Winds can damage leaves, affect photosynthesis and flowering and fruit set
  • Spring frost can be a problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Climate
What is the avg. rainfall, when does it mainly fall and comment on irrigation

A
  • 700mm on avg. in Stellenbosch
  • Rain falls mainly between May and August
  • Gets less in the north (less impact of Benguela current and more protection through mountains)
  • Irrigation or promotion of old vines is essential in the drier areas
  • Drought is an issue
  • Access to water is a problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Grape varieties
What 8 varieties account for 80% of plantings? (in descending order)

A
  • Chenin Blanc (white) (20% of plantings)
  • Colombard (white)
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Syrah
  • Sauvignon Blanc (white)
  • Pinotage
  • Chardonnay (white)
  • Merlot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Grape varieties
What is the typical style of wine from Colombard? (aromatic, acidity, how used)

A
  • Neutral
  • Medium to medium(+) acidity
  • Mostly used in blends
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Grape varieties - Pinotage
What is it a crossing of and how is its budding time and disease resistance?

A
  • Pinot Noir x Cinsaut
  • Early budding (but spring frost rarely a problem in warmer parts)
  • Only moderately susceptible to fungal diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Grape varieties - Pinotage
What are the characteristics? (color, potential alcohol)

A
  • Deep color
  • Reaches high sugar levels in small berries -> potentially high alcohol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Grape varieties - Pinotage
What is the typical quality of wine that can be produced from this grape?

A
  • Past: reputation for poor quality
  • Recently: Improvement in quality through better vineyard practice (e.g. avoiding water stress) and better winemaking (avoiding overly high fermentation temperatures)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
What are the different soil types? Is it rather uniform or complex?

A
  • Very variable and complex
  • Table Mountain sandstone: sandy, low nutrient and low water-retention properties
  • Granite: foothill slopes of mountains and in hilly areas. Good water-retention properties (dry-farming possible)
  • Shale: good nutrient levels and good water-retention (dry-farming possible)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
How does the soil need to be adjusted to make winegrowing viable? What would happen otherwise?

A
  • Most Cape soils are excessively acid
  • Heavy adjustments with lime necessary
  • Otherwise: lower yields
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
What is the typical vine density and what do high-quality growers do?

A
  • Vine density is typically low (larger vines carrying more fruit)
  • High-quality growers: Higher density
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
What are the two main diseases and how are they dealt with?

A
  • Viral diseases (esp. leafroll and fanleaf) -> tackled by planting virus-tested vines (adds to cost)
  • Powdery mildew -> systemic fungicides or organic methods
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
How are vines trained, why and how is harvest conducted?

A
  • Mostly cordon with VSP
  • Can be mechanised, saving cost
  • Most picking is done by hand due to the availability of labor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Soils and Vineyard Management
Comment on sustainable, organic, and biodynamic winemaking practices

A
  • 90% of growers follow integrated pest management philosophy
  • Only few organic or biodynamic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Winemaking
Describe how high volume, inexpensive Chenin Blanc is made (vineyard, harvest, adjustments, fermentation, blending, maturation, transport)

A
  • High yields
  • Vineyards sprayed regularly
  • Minimal or no sorting of fruit
  • May be blended with up to 15% of less valuable variety
  • Acidification is common
  • No malo
  • Cultured yeast
  • Cool fermentation temps in stainless steel or concrete tanks
  • Some resting time and oak flavor may be added (chips or staves)
  • Residual sugar may be adjusted
  • Stabilised, fined and filtered for early release
  • Often transported in bulk and bottled in final market
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Winemaking
Describe how small volume, premium Chenin Blanc is made (vineyard, harvest, adjustments, fermentation, maturation, transport)

A
  • Low yields (often from old, dryland vines)
  • Small amount of Botrytis allowed
  • Careful sorting of fruit
  • 100% Chenin Blanc
  • Acidification typically avoided
  • No malo
  • Ambient or cultured yeast
  • Cool fermentation temps in inert vessels (new oak if it is used, for better integration)
  • Lees aging for 3-9 months typical
  • Bâtonnage carried out if richer style desired
  • No adjustment of sugar
  • Stabilizing, light fining and filtering
  • Bottled in South Africa, then transported
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Winemaking
What is the typical style of Chenin Blanc? (intensity, aromas, acidity, body, alcohol, oak, quality, price) ((-> quality and price for high volume and low volume))

A
  • Medium to pronounced intensity
  • Ripe yellow apple or peach fruit with tropical fruit notes
  • High acidity
  • Medium body
  • Medium alcohol
  • Might have oak (vanilla and toast)
  • High volume wines: acceptable to good quality and inexpensive to mid-priced
  • Higher quality wines: very good to outstanding quality and mid- to premium priced (some super-premium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Winemaking
Describe the two different styles of premium Pinotage wines (color, aromas, body, tannins, alcohol)

A
  • Traditional Style
  • Deep ruby
  • Red plum and blackberry fruit
  • Full body
  • High tannins
  • High alcohol
  • Elegant Style
  • Grapes from cooler sites with lower ripeness
  • Medium ruby
  • Red-fruited
  • Medium tannins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Winemaking
Describe the winemaking process for inexpensive vs. premium Pinotage (yields, sorting, ageing, release)

A
  • Yields and sorting
  • Cold soak for premium wines
  • Inexpensive:
  • Aged in stainless steel or used barrels. Oak alternatives (staves or chips) may be used to add oak flavors
  • Earlier release
  • Premium:
  • Aged for 12-15 months in French oak barriques (often >50% new)
  • Later release
  • Trend towards less new oak
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the “big six” varieties that are grown in most regions?

A
  • White
  • Chenin Blanc
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Chardonnay
  • Black
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Shiraz
  • Pinotage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the three main blends

A
  • White Cape blends
  • Chenin-dominant with white Rhône varieties, Chardonnay, Semillon or Sauvignon Blanc
  • Red Bordeaux blends
  • Red Cape blends
  • Broader category for blends with a significant proportion of Pinotage and/or black Rhône varieties
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Wine Laws and Regulations
Describe the four defined terms for production areas and how they are defined

A
  • Geographical unit (very large areas, e.g. Western Cape)
  • Region (large areas named after major feature, e.g. Coastal Region)
  • District (based on wider categories, e.g., mountain range: e.g. Stellenbosch or Walker Bay)
  • Ward (based on common soil, climate and ecological factors, e.g. Simonsberg-Stellenbosch)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Wine Laws and Regulations
How can a wine be labeled as single vineyard?

A
  • Vineyard must be registered
  • Vineyard must be planted with a single variety
  • Vineyard can not be larger than 6 ha
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Wine Laws and Regulations
In order to be labeled as such, how much of the grapes need to come from the origin, vintage, variety

A
  • Origin: 100%
  • Vintage: 85%
  • Variety: 85%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
**Coastal Region** What are the six most important districts?
* Cape Town * Darling * Franschhoek Valley * Paarl * Stellenbosch * Swartland
26
**Coastal Region** How much of South Africa's area under vine does it cover and how much of its production?
* Area under vine: 45% * Production: 25% (lower yields)
27
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town** What are the two most important wards?
* Constantia * Durbanville
28
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Constantia** What special wine is it home to?
* Vin de Constance * Dried Muscat dessert wine
29
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Constantia** Where are vineyards located and what are climatic influences? Describe the soil and rainfall.
* East-facing slopes of Constantiaberg (extends south from Table Mountain) * Cooling sea breezes from False Bay * Granite soils above a layer of sandstone -> Low vigor and good drainage * High rainfall (1,000 mm)
30
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Constantia** What are the main varieties planted? What variety is specifically not grown?
* Sauvignon Blanc * Chardonnay * Cabernet Sauvignon * Shiraz * NOT grown due to windy conditions: Pinot Noir
31
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Constantia** Name two significant producers
* Klein Constantia * Steenberg
32
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Durbanville** Where are vineyards located and what are climatic influences?
* East-facing vineyards at 100-300m * Cooling breezes from the False Bay * Shale soils -> high water holding capacity * 500mm (only half the rainfall compared to Constantia due to protection by mountains)
33
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Durbanville** What is the main variety, where is it grown and what style does it have?
* Sauvignon Blanc * Planted on cooler sites * Rather greener flavors
34
**Coastal Region - District: Cape Town - Ward: Durbanville** Name two significant producers
* Bloemendal * Diemersdal
35
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch** What is it mostly known for?
* High quality wines, esp. from * Cabernet Sauvignon and related blends * Shiraz * Chenin Blanc
36
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch** What are the main climatic influences that allow high quality grape production and what is the rainfall and soils based on the location.
* Cooler mountain slopes * Varied soil types * Cooling breezes from False Bay * 600-900mm rainfall * **Valley floor**: sandy and alluvial soils * **Slopes of hills**: granite and shale soils
37
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch** What are the main varieties?
* **Black** * Cabernet Sauvignon * Merlot * Pinotage * **White** * Sauvignon Blanc * Chenin Blanc * Chardonnay
38
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch** Name two significant producers
* Rust en Vrede * Raats Family Wines
39
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch - Ward: Simonsberg-Stellenbosch** Where are vineyards located, what is the temp and climatic influences?
* Lower slopes of the south-west side of the Simonsberg * Slightly warmer than other Stellenbosch sites * Still cooling breezes * Higher diurnal range than on flatter sites
40
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch - Ward: Simonsberg-Stellenbosch** What wines is it most known for?
* Cabernet Sauvignon * Cabernet Sauvignon-based blends * Pinotage
41
**Coastal Region - District: Stellenbosch - Ward: Simonsberg-Stellenbosch** Name two significant producers
* Kanonkop * Rustenberg
42
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl** Where is the region located and what is the climate?
* North of Stellenbosch * Warmer
43
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl** Comment on soil, rainfall and irrigation
* Range of soils, aspects, and varieties * 800-900mm rainfall * River can provide water for irrigation
44
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl** How is the style of wine compared to Stellenbosch? (aromas, body)
* Distinct ripeness * Fuller body
45
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl** What are the most grown varieties and what varieties are grown on warmer sites?
* Chenin Blanc * Cabernet Sauvignon * Shiraz * Pinotage * **Warmer sites**: * Viognier * Mourvèdre
46
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl** Name two significant producers
* Nederburg * Vilafonté (super-premium prices)
47
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl - Ward: Simonsberg-Paarl** Where is it located, where are vineyards located and what are influences on grape growing?
* Warmer, other side of the Simonsberg to Stellenbosch-Simonsberg * Slightly higher elevation than other areas in Paarl * Slightly higher diurnal range * Longer and slightly cooler ripening season
48
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl - Ward: Simonsberg-Paarl** What do the wines typically show, from what varieties are they made?
* Distinct freshness and intensity * Chardonnay * Shiraz * Red blends
49
**Coastal Region - District: Paarl - Ward: Simonsberg-Paarl** Name two significant producers
* Glen Carlou * Plaisir de Merle
50
**Coastal Region - District: Franschhoek Valley** Where are vineyards located, what are climatic influences?
* Surrounded by mountains -> shelter and warmth * Altitude: 300-600m * -> marginally cooler climate and higher diurnal range
51
**Coastal Region - District: Franschhoek Valley** Comment on rainfall, soil, and irrigation.
* 800mm rainfall * Soils are fast draining * -> Irrigation often required
52
**Coastal Region - District: Franschhoek Valley** What are the most grown varieties?
* Sauvignon Blanc * Cabernet Sauvignon * Shiraz * Old vine Semillon (some >100y old)
53
**Coastal Region - District: Franschhoek Valley** What is the fruit known for?
Fresher qualities as a blending component
54
**Coastal Region - District: Darling** What is an acclaimed ward within this district?
Groenekloof
55
**Coastal Region - District: Darling** Where are vineyards located and what are climatic influences?
* Range of hills along the cold West Coast * Many different aspects * Cool ocean breezes
56
**Coastal Region - District: Darling** What are the most grown varieties?
* Sauvignon Blanc * **Fresher versions** of * Cabernet Sauvignon * Merlot * Shiraz
57
**Coastal Region - District: Darling** Name two significant producers
* Neil Ellis (based in Stellenbosch but buys grapes here) * Groote Post
58
**Coastal Region - District: Swartland** Comment on climate, rainfall, irrigation, yields, soil
* Warm dry climate * Rainfall 500 mm (mostly in growing season) * Either irrigation used to guarantee yields or old bush vines * Low yields * Mainly low fertility granite and shale soil
59
**Coastal Region - District: Swartland** Of the two different businesses involved, describe the older businesses. What are quality, price and significant producers?
* Often co-operatives * Good to very good quality * Inexpensive and mid-priced * Perdeberg Wines or Riebeek Valley Wine Co
60
**Coastal Region - District: Swartland** Of the two different businesses involved, what things do the newer businesses experiment with? What are quality and price?
* Low yields, dry farming, often organic or biodynamic farming, old vines, ambient yeasts and maturation in old oak * Very good to outstanding quality * Premium and super-premium price
61
**Coastal Region - District: Swartland** What types of wines does it produce and what from what varieties?
* Fruit for premium Western Cape white and red blends * Made from the ‘big six’ varieties and other white and red varieties
62
**Coastal Region - District: Tulbagh** Where is it located, what is the climate and what are climatic influences?
* Part of the Coastal region, BUT no coastal influence * **Very warm, dry**, sheltered valley surrounded by mountain range * Cooling influences from **altitude** (400-500m), **shade** thrown by mountains and **cold morning air**
63
**Coastal Region - District: Tulbagh** How is steady supply of water guaranteed?
* Good water-holding capacity * Water management systems
64
**Coastal Region - District: Tulbagh** What is the region known for?
Inexpensive wines
65
**Coastal Region - District: Tulbagh** What are the most grown varieties?
* Chenin * Shiraz * Colombard
66
**Coastal Region - District: Tulbagh** Name a significant producer and what it is known for
* Saronberg * Shiraz and Shiraz blends
67
**Breede River Valley Region** What is the climate, what types of wines are produced? Comment on irrigation
* Warm and dry region * Produces most wine in South Africa at relatively high yields * Large volume of grapes for distillation industry * Irrigation with water from Breede River
68
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Breedekloof** Comment on rainfall and irrigation
Adequate rainfall that allows grape growing without irrigation
69
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Breedekloof** What is the climate and climatic influences?
* Warm continental * Cooling summer winds
70
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Breedekloof** Comment on hazards and diseases
* Winter and spring snows often delay budburst * Spring frost can be a problem * Longer hang-time and a later harvest * Winds reduce risk of fungal diseases
71
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Breedekloof** What are the main varieties planted?
* Chenin * Colombard * Chardonnay * Pinotage * Shiraz * Cabernet Sauvignon
72
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Breedekloof** Name two significant producers
* Du Toitskloof Cellar (co-op) * Deetlefs
73
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Worcester** Comment on rainfall and irrigation
* Very low rainfall (400mm) -> rain shadow from mountains * Irrigation is essential
74
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Worcester** What are the soils and what type of wines are produced?
* Very fertile, loamy soils * Mostly for high volume production and brandy industry
75
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Worcester** What are the main grapes grown?
* **Mostly for distilling** * Colombard * Chenin Blanc * **Other varieties** * Chardonnay * Sauvignon Blanc * Viognier * Shiraz
76
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Robertson** What is the climate and climatic influences? Comment on rainfall and irrigation
* Warm * Cooling influence and moist air from wind * Very low rainfall -> irrigation necessary
77
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Robertson** Where are vineyards located and how are grapes used?
* Flat, fertile plain * Suitable for high yields * Often grapes for the brandy industry
78
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Robertson** What are the varieties grown?
* Chardonnay (still and sparkling wine) * Colombard * Chenin Blanc * Sauvignon Blanc * Shiraz * Cabernet Sauvignon
79
**Breede River Valley Region - District: Robertson** Name three significant producers
* Robertson Winery (co-op) * Graham Beck * De Wetshof
80
**Olifants River Region** Where is it located, what is the climate, rainfall, and irrigation practices?
* Most northerly region of the Western Cape * Warm climate * Very dry (some parts < 200mm rainfall) * Irrigation from Olifants River is essential
81
**Olifants River Region** How are grapes typically grown in this region and what is a current trend?
* **Historically**, grapes grown at high yields * Mostly destined for distillation * **Increasingly** grapes are made into wine * Source of fruit from dry farmed, old vines made into wine by well-known growers in more prestigious regions
82
**Olifants River Region** What company is successful domestically and internationally with inexpensive wines?
Namaqua Wines (very large)
83
**Olifants River Region** Where are vineyards located and what are climatic influences? What does it mean for grape growing?
* Altitude: 450-550m * Aspect * Cooling influences from the Atlantic * -> Potential for very high-quality fruit
84
**Olifants River Region** What is the quality and price of wines from dry-farmed, old vines?
* Very good to outstanding quality * Premium and super-premium prices
85
**Olifants River Region** Name two significant producers
* Sadie Family Wines * Alheit Vineyards
86
**Cape South Coast Region** What is the climate strongly influenced by?
Strongly influenced by cooling influence of Atlantic
87
**Cape South Coast Region** What are the main varieties and final qualities of wine
* Sauvignon Blanc * Chardonnay * Pinot Noir * Very good to outstanding quality
88
**Cape South Coast Region** How are the plantings compared to other regions?
Still small (< 3%)
89
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay** What is the climate and what are the top two varieties?
* Cool region directly at the Atlantic * Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
90
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay** What four wards is the district split into?
* **Bot River** * Three wards related to **Hemel-en-Aarde**
91
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde** What are climatic influences and aspect? What is the influence on grape growing?
* Cooling winds -> reduced risk of over-ripening and reduce vigor * Aspect is generally towards the north -> helps with achieving ripeness
92
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde** What is the soil and its characteristics?
* High clay content (similar to Burgundy) * High water holding capacity * Cover crops are often used to reduce water evaporation
93
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde** What varieties are grown here?
* Chardonnay and Pinot Noir * All of the ‘big six’ varieties * Additionally, e.g., Albariño and Viognier
94
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde Valley** Where are vineyards located and what varieties are grown?
* Lowest in altitude * Closest to the cooling Atlantic * Fresher and brighter styles of Pinot Noir and Chardonnay * Vineyards mostly on north and west slopes
95
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Upper Hemel-en-Aarde Valley** Where are vineyards located?
* Slightly higher in elevation * Vineyards mostly on north and west slopes
96
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge** Where is it located? Where are vineyards located and what are climatic influences?
* Located deeper inland * Smallest, coldest and highest ward (up to 400m) * South and east facing slopes * Mountains help with moist air and provide shade
97
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Hemel-en-Aarde** Name a significant producer in each of the three wards
* Hamilton-Russell * Bouchard Finlayson (Hemel-en- Aarde Valley) * Newton Johnson Family Vineyards (Upper Hemel-en-Aarde Valley) * Creation (Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge)
98
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Bot River** What is the climate and what are climatic influences?
* Slightly warmer than Hemel-en-Aarde, but cooler than Paarl and Stellenbosch * Bot River Lagoon funnels cold winds * Relatively long growing season
99
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Bot River** What are the main varieties? And what styles are produced?
* Brighter and fresher styles of * Sauvignon Blanc * Chenin Blanc * Rhône varieties * Red-fruited Pinotage
100
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Walker Bay - Ward: Bot River** Name a significant producer
Beaumont
101
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Elgin** Where is it located and what are climatic influences and their effect on grapes?
* South-east of Cape Town * Altitude: 200-400m * Considerably cooler climate than other parts * Cooling influence through altitude, cloud cover and ocean * -> Slow growing season * -> More elegant and higher acidity fruit
102
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Elgin** What is the rainfall and what effect does it have on diseases and wine production?
* 1,000mm rainfall * Risk of fungal diseases * Moist climate allows production of botrytized sweet wines
103
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Elgin** What are the main varieties?
* Sauvignon Blanc * Chardonnay * Riesling * Pinot Noir * Merlot * Shiraz
104
**Cape South Coast Region - District: Elgin** Name two significant producers
* Paul Cluver (super-premium Chardonnay) * Richard Kershaw Wines
105
**Klein Karoo Region** What types of wines is it known for?
* Port-style wines from Portuguese varieties (Calitzdorp district) * Fortified Muscats * Chenin Blanc and Colombard for the brandy industry * Small amount of table wines from mostly black varieties
106
Describe some of the initiatives in the wine industry and how many wineries follow the guidelines
* Sustainable farming (>95%) * Environmentally friendly wine (>90%) * Fair trade wine (>60%)
107
**Wine Business** What accelerated the success of the wine business?
* Democracy in 1994 * Systematic repeal of the KWV's rights (a highly regulated system)
108
**Wine Business** What were some of the KWV's rights before it was privatized?
* Fix the prices * Approve all wine purchases between producers and merchants * Set quotas for plantings and production * Control the importation, propagation and distribution of vine cuttings
109
**Wine Business** How much is exported, what are main export markets and what is the trend?
* 50% * UK, Germany * Increasing
110
**Wine Business** What is a general problem of South African wine producers?
Often farm below a sustainable level of income for their business
111
**Wine Business** What company dominates the wine production? What is its share?
* Distell Group * > 40% of volume sold

WSET Level 4 - D3 (56 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions