Most important Varieties Flashcards
(58 cards)
1
Q
Chardonnay
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Early
2
Q
Chardonnay
Prone to
A
- Grey rot
- Powdery mildew
- Millerandage
- Grapevine yellows
3
Q
Chardonnay
Characteristics
A
- Can produce relatively high yields of good quality
- Needs vigor management
4
Q
Pinot Gris
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Early
5
Q
Pinot Gris
Prone to
A
- Botrytis bunch rot
- Downy mildew
6
Q
Pinot Gris
Characteristics
A
- Moderate yields
- Can accumulate high sugar levels
- Acidity drops fast
7
Q
Pinot Noir
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Early
8
Q
Pinot Noir
Prone to
A
- Millerandage
- Downy / powdery mildew
- Botrytis bunch rot
- Fan leaf / leaf roll virus
9
Q
Pinot Noir
Characteristics
A
Thin skin -> cold maceration to extract colour
10
Q
Cabernet Sauvignon
Budding / Ripening
A
Late / Late
11
Q
Cabernet Sauvignon
Prone to
A
- Powdery mildew
- Esca
- Eutypa dieback
12
Q
Cabernet Sauvignon
Characteristics
A
- Small berries
- Thick skin
- High tannins
13
Q
Chenin Blanc
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Late
14
Q
Chenin Blanc
Prone to
A
- Powdery mildew
- Botrytis bunch rot (noble rot)
- Trunk diseases
15
Q
Chenin Blanc
Characteristics
A
- Vigorous -> can carry high yields
- Ripens unevenly -> several harvest passes for quality
- Can produce range of styles
16
Q
Grenache Noir
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Late
17
Q
Grenache Noir
Prone to
A
- Coulure
- Downy mildew
- Phomopsis
- Botrytis bunch rot
- Bacterial necrosis/blight-> kills leaves and shoots then plant
18
Q
Grenache Noir
Characteristics
A
- High yielding
- Upright growth-> suitable for bush training
- Does well on dry, low fertility soils
- Good drought resistance
- Accumulates high sugar quickly
- Prone to oxidation and premature loss of colour-> reductive winemaking
19
Q
Merlot
Budding / Ripening
A
Early / Mid
20
Q
Merlot
Prone to
A
- Coulure
- Drought
- Botrytis bunch rot
21
Q
Merlot
Characteristics
A
- Large berries
- Can ripen on cooler soils
22
Q
Riesling
Budding / Ripening
A
Late / Late
23
Q
Riesling
Prone to
A
- Powdery mildew
- Botrytis bunch rot
- Esca, eutypa dieback if cordon trained
24
Q
Riesling
Characteristics
A
- Aromatic
- Relatively frost resistant -> thick wood
- Retains acidity even when fully ripe
- Can produce high levels of natural sugar
25
**Sauvignon Blanc**
Budding / Ripening
Late / Early
26
**Sauvignon Blanc**
Prone to
n/a
27
**Sauvignon Blanc**
Characteristics
* Vigorous -> careful canopy management
* Row orientation + canopy management can influence flavor profile: more shade -> greener
28
**Semillon**
Budding / Ripening
Mid-ripening
29
**Semillon**
Prone to
Botrytis bunc rot (noble rot)
30
**Semillon**
Characteristics
* Can carry high yields
* Affinity to sweet spice given by new oak
31
**Syrah**
Budding / Ripening
Late-budding
32
**Syrah**
Prone to
* Mites
* Botrytis bunch rot
* Syrah decline-> leaves turn red, graft point breaks, dies
33
**Syrah**
Characteristics
* Vigorous
* Thick skins
* Needs moderate/warm climate to ripen
* Prone to reduction in winemaking-> more frequent pump overs, often aged in oak
34
**Viognier**
Budding / Ripening
Early-budding
35
**Viognier**
Prone to
Poor flowering and fruit set
36
**Viognier**
Characteristics
* Low yields
* Needs full ripeness for pronounced aromas
* Rapidly looses acidity and flavors and gains sugars
* Oily texture
37
**Sangiovese**
Budding / Ripening
Early / Late
38
**Sangiovese**
Prone to
* Botrytis
* Esca
* Wild boars
39
**Sangiovese**
Characteristics
* High vigor / yields
* Thin skin
* Difficult to grow
40
**Gamay**
Budding / Ripening
Early / Early
41
**Gamay**
Prone to
* Spring frost
* Millerandage
* Rot (delicate skin)
* Wind
42
**Gamay**
Characteristics
* Ripeness of skins and seeds influences style (green leafy vs. intense fruity)
* Yield control for higher quality (restrain number of buds)
* Trained as bush vines on steeper slopes, to protect it from winds
43
**Cabernet Franc**
Budding / Ripening
Early / Mid
44
**Cabernet Franc**
Prone to
Coulure
45
**Cabernet Franc**
Characteristics
* Wines can taste excessive leafy if not fully ripe -> better canopy management
* Winter hardy
46
**Gewürztraminer**
Budding / Ripening
Early / Early
47
**Gewürztraminer**
Prone to
* Coulure
* Chlorosis
* Powdery mildew
* Grape vine moth
* Grey rot
48
**Gewürztraminer**
Characteristics
* Rapid sugar accumulation
* Vigorous variety (pruning needed)
49
**Malbec**
Budding / Ripening
Mid ripening
50
**Malbec**
Prone to
Coulure
51
**Torrontés**
Budding / Ripening
Early ripening
52
**Torrontés**
Characteristics
* Native, natural cross of Muscat of Alexandria and Criolla Chica
* Strong floral aromas (from Muscat)
* Vigorous
* Early ripening -> tends to get overly alcoholic and lacking acidity if not controlled
* -> Reducing yields, earlier harvesting and careful temperature control during fermentation
53
**Melon Blanc**
Budding / Ripening
Early / Early
54
**Melon Blanc**
Prone to
* Tight bunches
* Botrytis
* Downy mildew
55
**Melon Blanc**
Characteristics
* High yielding
56
**Corvina Veronese**
Budding / Ripening
Mid to late ripening
57
**Corvina Veronese**
Prone to
* Downy mildew
* Botrytis
* Esca
* Sensitive to drought
58
**Corvina Veronese**
Characteristics
* Vigorous -> Pergola (air circulation + avoids sunburn)
* Thick skin -> good for drying
