Group Interventions Flashcards
The needs assessment process determines:
★ background information
★ who the clients are
★ interests of the clients
★ population profile
Needs Assessment
A systematic set of procedures to identify & describe areas of need for a given population, which leads to a clear set of goals and objectives for the program and/or group
Steps of a Needs Assessment
- Gather background data
- Identify participants for a survey
- Write a survey
- Conduct face-to-face interviews / telephone interviews
- Identify key informants
- Conduct a focus group
- Gather secondary data
- Analyze the data
- Write a population profile
Step 1 of Needs Assessment
★ Gather background data
- Do an internet search or literature search on the organization/agency for which you are designing a group
- Research various aspects of the population served
Step 2 of Needs Assessment
★ Identify participants for a survey
- Involve participants at the agency
- Collaborate with them concerning their perceptions of needs, problems, circumstances
Step 3 of Needs Assessment
★ Write a survey
- Design a voluntary survey with closed & open-ended question (one page)
- Give it to 20 people at the agency
Step 4 of Needs Assessment
★ Conduct face-to-face interviews
- Meet & interview 5-6 participants or stakeholders at the agency one at a time using specific targeted questions
- Record data
★ Conduct telephone interviews
- Not the best method, but can be convenient
- Interview 10 people on the phone using specific, quick questions
- Record data
Step 5 of Needs Assessment
★ Identify key informants
- Ask contact person at the agency to identify key people who would be most helpful in identifying the needs of the population / participants
Step 6 of Needs Assessment
★ Conduct a focus group
- Invite a small group of participants (8 or less) to meet for a brief discussion of their perceptions, problems, needs
- Observe social skills & interactions
Step 7 of Needs Assessment
★ Gather secondary data
- Consult other volunteers at the agency, review past notes, reports on the participants/population for further data on what has been effective and tried already so there is no duplication in services
Step 8 of Needs Assessment
★ Analyze the data
- Summarize findings from surveys, interviews, focus group for group planning purposes
- Use charts / graphs to get a visual of the results
Step 9 of Needs Assessment
★ Write a population profile
- Put it all together and write a profile on the population including:
★ Demographics
★ Skill level
★ Facilitators / barriers to participation
Group Intervenion Session Outline
- Group title
- Author
- FOR
- Purpose
- Group membership and size
- Group goals & rationale
- Outcome criteria
- Method
- Time & place of meeting
- Supplies & cost
- References
Mature Group
OT = active participant
★ promotes equality amongst group members
★ all members are independently able to assume roles and tasks, without the need for intervention
Cooperative Group
OT = advisor
★ members are discussing thoughts & emotions around a particular topic
Task Group
★ Provides opportunities for participants to consider behaviors, thoughts, and feelings
★ Problem solves challenges as a group
★ Implements alternative behavior patterns through task completion
Developmental Group
★ Gradually progresses from a focus on task completion to a focus on group interaction
★ Simultaneously, the OTP’s role in the group progresses from involved to bystander or observer
★ The 5 types of developmental groups are:
1. Parallel
2. Project
3. Egocentric-cooperative
4. Cooperative
5. Mature
Directive Group
★ Most appropriate for those who are severly impaired or experiencing acute mental illness
★ Promotes participation & interaction through a more formal format that includes orientation, introduction, warm-up, structured exercises, & review
Neurodevelopmental Group
★ Designed for individuals with chronic schizophrenia; incorporates movement from a sensory integration FoR
Expressive / Projective Group
★ Incorporates various creative mediums to facilitate recognition, acknowledgement or expression of feelings an ideas
★ Groups may focus on arts & crafts, play, recreation, or sports
Psychoeducational Group
★ Teaches information or techniques to clients
★ Uses a cognitive-behavioral approach and social learning theory and is implemented when face-to-face contact is limited in duration
