Research Methods

Question 1

Case-control study

Answer 1

★ Retrospective study

★ Subjects with the outcome of interest are selected and MATCHED to subjects without the outcome of interest

★ Presence of risk factors or predictors is determined through self-report or chart review

★ Relationship between retrospective predictors and the outcome of interest is determined

Question 2

Cohort study

Answer 2

★ Subjects who represent a particular population are measures on suspected risk factors or predictors of outcomes of interest

★ Subjects are followed over time to determine:
- The incidence or history of the outcome
- The relationship between the predictors and the outcome

Question 3

Cross-sectional study

Answer 3

★ Subjects who represent a particular population are measured simultaneously for suspected risk factors or predictors & outcomes of interest

★ The study design measures the prevalence of the outcome

★ The relationship between the predictors & the outcomes

Question 4

Retrospective cohort study

Answer 4

★ Relies on existing data AFTER the outcome has occurred

★ Subjects who represent a particular population are measures on suspected risk factors or predicotrs of outcomes of interest

★ Subjects are followed over time

Question 5

Qualitative study

Answer 5

★ Describe & analyze mulitple constructed realities to facilitate the understanding of phenomena and better understand the influence of realities on occupational engagement

Question 6

Quasi-Experimental study

Answer 6

★ Subjects are non-randomly assigned to the experimental / treatment group and the control group

★ Provides comparitive information regarding the effectiveness of interventions for this population