Flashcards in Gut Drugs Deck (14)
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1
What are some common problems encountered with the gut?
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Ulcers
- Ileus
- Colis
- Constipation
- Bloat
2
How do you treat vomiting?
Give fluids IV to avoid the gut
- water
- H+
- Cl-
- K+
- Na+
Possibly antiemetics
... Treatment depends on cause
- Better to replace fluids than give anti-emetics because it allows the body to expel
3
How do you treat diarrhoea?
Animal will be losing water and ions
Give fluids containing:
- K +
- HCO3-
- water
- Na+
Kidneys can then begin working to bring the body composition back to normal
Motility Reducers
(Antibiotics)
(Anti-inflammatories)
(Wormers)
- all case dependent
4
How do you treat ulcers?
- Proton pump inhibitors - inhibits H+/K+ ATPase in apical parietal cell
- H2 Antagonists : block interactions of secretagogues with receptors = inhibit acid secretion
- Coating agents (artificial mucus)
- Antibiotics
- Anticholinergics
- Prostaglandins
5
How do you treat Colic?
- Analgesics
- Fluids
- Motility reducers
- Antispasmodic
6
How do you treat constipation?
- Fluids by enema
- Laxatives
- (prokinetics)
7
Ways to give fluids for gut problems...
- Oral is best
- IV if necessary
- SC not much use
- IM no use and painful
- Intraperitoneal can be dangerous (hit organs)
- Intraosseous painful and required aseptic high pressure technique
8
What are some antiemetics that can be given?
- Phenothiazines
- Dopamine antagonists
- 5HT3 antagonists
- NK1 antagonists
- (Antihistamines)
- (Anticholinergics)
9
What are some emetics that can be given?
- Apomorphine : not in cats
- Xylazine
- Mustard - home remedy for suspected poisoning
- Saturated salt solutions
10
What can be given to increase gut motility?
- Prokinetics for ileus:
-- metoclopramide
-- erythromycin
- Spasmolytics:
-- anticholinergics
-- opioids
11
When do you give antibiotics when there is a gut problem?
- If there is evidence of bacterial invasion
- A specific pathogen has been cultured
12
Why do you give anti-inflammatories to a problem gut? Examples?
Inflammatory bowel disease (colitis)
- sulphasalazine (BEST)
- olsalazine
- mesalazine
Not usually NSAIDs or steroids
13
What are some different forms of laxatives?
- Enemas
- Bulk forming laxatives
- Osmotic laxatives
- Lubricant laxatives
- Irritant laxatives
14
