Handout 1, Quiz Jan 15

Question 1

a fertilized egg

Answer 1

zygote

Question 2

organs that share a common purpose

Answer 2

systems

Question 3

tissue that has the ability to contract and create movement in various parts of the body

Answer 3

muscle tissue

Question 4

muscle cell, called this because it is long and thin

Answer 4

muscle fibre

Question 5

connective tissue that helps maintain normal boy temperature, manages heat within the body, and transports materials

Answer 5

blood

Question 6

internal support structure of an animal

Answer 6

endoskeleton

Question 7

Basic structural and functional units of the body

Answer 7

cell

Question 8

avascular connective tissue that provides structure with some degree of flexibility

Answer 8

cartilage

Question 9

matrix found in blood, mostly water

Answer 9

plasma

Question 10

the uppermost layer of the skin

Answer 10

epidermis

Question 11

lateral lower leg bone

Answer 11

fibula

Question 12

removes osseous tissue to remodel bones and to release calcium needed by the nervous system and muscle

Answer 12

osteoclast

Question 13

shortening of muscle tissue

Answer 13

contract

Question 14

the thigh bone

Answer 14

the head of the femur

Question 15

primary germ layers

Answer 15

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Question 16

wrist bones

Answer 16

carpals

Question 17

rod-like bits of bone

Answer 17

trabeculae

Question 18

cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones

Answer 18

articular cartilage

Question 19

bone in which trabeculae form a three-dimensional latticework within the spaces filled with bone marrow

Answer 19

spongy bone

Question 20

prefix for “within, on the inside”

Answer 20

endo

Question 21

external skeleton that supports an animal’s body

Answer 21

exoskeleton

Question 22

property of a fluid that resists the force tending it to cause the fluid to flow, is effective at reducing friction

Answer 22

viscosity

Question 23

cells that make up cartilage

Answer 23

chondrocytes

Question 24

without blood vessels

Answer 24

avascular

Question 25

a viscous fluid that lubricates the articular surfaces of a joint

Answer 25

synovial fluid

Question 26

tissue made of neurons/nerve cells

Answer 26

nervous tissue

Question 27

finger bones

Answer 27

phalanges

Question 28

hip bone's cup shaped socket

Answer 28

acetabulum

Question 29

cells that produce colagen

Answer 29

fibroblast

Question 30

term for "flat"

Answer 30

squamous

Question 31

a closed sac or envelope lined with synovial mebrane and containing fluid

Answer 31

bursa

Question 32

bones are a reservoir for these two minerals

Answer 32

calcium and phosphorous

Question 33

tendency of a living organism to keep the conditions inside it similar, despite any changes in the conditions around it

Answer 33

homeostasis

Question 34

a term for different cells that provide structural and functional support for the neurons

Answer 34

glial cells, glia

Question 35

any cell that ingests foreign particles, bacteria, or cell debris

Answer 35

phagocyte

Question 36

tissues that have a relatively large amount of non living intercellular substances called matrix

Answer 36

connective tissue

Question 37

early stages of egg growth, from conception to 8 weeks

Answer 37

embryo

Question 38

non living intercellular substances found in connective tissues

Answer 38

matrix

Question 39

a bone-forming cell

Answer 39

osteoblast

Question 40

a fibrous, insoluable protein, part of connective tissue matrix

Answer 40

collagen

Question 41

upper leg bone

Answer 41

femur

Question 42

term used for zygote from two months after conception to birth

Answer 42

fetus

Question 43

a group of similar cells

Answer 43

tissue

Question 44

complex structures consisting of several tissue types

Answer 44

organs

Question 45

system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to maintain homeostasis

Answer 45

endocrine system

Question 46

substances released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream, where they travel to target tissue and generate a response

Answer 46

hormones

Question 47

provides a covering for most of the external surfaces of the body

Answer 47

epithelium

Question 48

forms the outer later of the epidermis

Answer 48

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 49

term for "layered"

Answer 49

stratified

Question 50

electrical signals conducted by neurons

Answer 50

action potentials

Question 51

cells that conduct electrical signals

Answer 51

neurons/nerve cells

Question 52

hardest of the connective tissues, vascular tissue that provides structural framework of the body. Consists of cells embedded in a mineralized matrix

Answer 52

bone

Question 53

dense bone that forms the external layer of all bone, provides protection and support

Answer 53

compact bone

Question 54

area in which two bones come together, also called a "joint"

Answer 54

articulation

Question 55

a joint in which synovial fluid is produced

Answer 55

synovial joint