Handout 1, Quiz Jan 26 Flashcards by Sasha Lampert

toe bones

phalanges

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the part of the neuron that contains organelles

cell body (soma)

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meaning this attachment of a muscle is more stable than the other end

fixed

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wrist bones

carpals

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a group of structures in the brain that are associated with emotion, memory, and mood

limbic system

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prefix for “within, on the inside”

endo

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successful shortening of a muscle

concentric contraction

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5 bones of the palm

metacarpals

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“bottom” surface of the foot

plantar

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lateral bone of the forearm

radius

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erosion of articular cartilage

osteoarthritis

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distal bones of the foot

metatarsals

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prefix meaning “above” (ie: ____patellar bursa)

supra

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lobe responsible for visual analysis

occipital lobe

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the reference point for the description of body position (standing, arms to the side, head and palms facing forward)

anatomical position

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condition marked by debilitating fatigue, widespread muscular pain, and tenderness at specific points on the body. Normal uncomfortable stimuli can lead to pain amplification

fibromyalgia

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the “back” or “top” of the foot

dorsal surface, dorsum

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proximal attachments of the quadriceps muscle

hip bone and femur

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shoulder blade

scapula

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finger bones (and how many)

phalanges (14)

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a white, fatty material that insulates axons

myelin

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the distal bones of the foot

metatarsals

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the chemical molecule that moves from one neuron to the next at the synapse

neurotransmitter

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muscles and glands, relative to the nervous system

effectors

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closer to the attachment of a limb (to the torso)

proximal

the site of communication between two neurons

synapse

a sudden neurological affliction usually related to the impaired cerebral blood supply

stroke

suffix meaning "similar," "like"

oid

distal attachment of the quadriceps muscle

tibia

"back" of the hand

dorsum, dorsal surface

a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds each individual muscle cell

endomysium

inflammation of a bursa

bursitis

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

ligament

medial lower leg bone

tibia

stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint

ankylosis

where the tibialis anterior connects to the 1st cuneiform and proximal end of the 1st metatarsal bone

insertion/distal attachment

a bundle of axons in the PNS

nerve

bones that make up the tunnel of Guyon

Pisiform on the ulnar side, hook of the hamate on the radial side

proximal bones of the foot

tarsals

collar bone

clavicle

suffix meaning "head"

ceps

lobe responsible for for auditory analysis, smell analysis

temporal lobe

anatomically "front"

allows passage of the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve into the hand

tunnel of Guyon

3 tarsal bones, proximal to the phalanges

cuneiforms

what divides the body into left and right halves and is used as a reference in anatomy

mid-sagittal plane

8 proximal bones of the hand

carpal bones

either of the rounded halves of the cerebrum

cerebral hemispheres

most proximal tarsal bone

talus

process of viscera moving food along the gastrointestinal tract

peristalsis

upper leg bone

femur

muscle type found in the walls of all the viscera

smooth muscle

disorder in which the bones become increasingly porous, brittle, and subject to fracture, owing to loss of calcium and other mineral components

osteoporosis

system that carries information to the CNS and instructions from the CNS to effectors

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

word meaning "joint inflammation"

arthritis

a closed sac or envelope lined with synovial mebrane and containing fluid

bursa

a bundle of axons in the CNS

tract

farther away from the attachment of a limb (to the torso)

distal

the most proximal bones of the foot

tarsals

a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and progressive deformity of the joints

rheumatoid arthritis

where the tibialis anterior connects to upper lateral surface of the tibia

origin/proximal attachment

thigh bone

femur

anatomically "behind"

posterior

Tarsal bone proximal to the cuneiformes

navicular

farther from the midsagittal plane

lateral

sesamoid bone, proximal to the ulna bone

pisiform

an injury to either a muscle or a tendon, involving a stretching or tearing of the tissue

strain

extension of the neuron that carries signals away from its cell body toward another neuron or effector

nerve fiber/axon

chaotic contractions across the heart

fibrilation

lobe responsible for pain, touch analysis

parietal lobe

lateral lower leg bone

fibula

a device that is capable of sending a therapeutic dose of electric current through the heart that restores the heart to normal

defibrillator

hollow organs of the body, except the heart

viscera

in rheumatoid arthritis this abnormal tissue erodes articular cartilage, allowing scar tissue to form and fuse the bone ends

pannus

lobe responsible for conscious movement of skeletal muscles, thinking

frontal lobe

upper arm bone

humerus

allows electrical currents to pass between cells so heart cells contract in unison

gap junctions

medial bone of the forearm

ulna

a system of structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease

immune system

a muscle that moves the foot

tibialis anterior

extension of the neuron that carries signals toward its cell body from another neuron

dendrite

a movement in which the foot faces inward

inversion

hand bones

metacarpals

bones completely contained within muscle tendons

sesamoid bones

connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

tendon

closer to the midsagittal plane

medial

hip bones

coxal bones/coxics

aka for cardiac muscle

myocardium

muscle attached to the skeleton

skeletal muscle

upward movement of the foot that brings toes closer to the front of the leg

dorsiflexion

system consisting of the brain and spinal cord

central nervous system (CNS)

toe bones, distal to the metatarsals, and how many

14 phalanges

bones that make up the spinal column/backbone

vertibrae (singular: vertibra)

degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging (greek for "poverty of flesh"

sarcopenia

the heel bone

calcaneus

term for "palm up"

supinated

tarsal, immediately proximal to the 4 and 5 metatarsals

cuboid

prefix for "on the outside, upon"

epi

the kneecap/knee bone, largest sesamoid bone

patella

muscle on the anterior of the femur

quadriceps

suffix meaning "pain"

algia

an injury to a ligament, involving a stretching or tearing of the tissue

sprain

Handout 1, Quiz Jan 26 Flashcards

(102 cards)