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Engineer Test 2016 > Hazardous materials > Flashcards

Hazardous materials Flashcards

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0
Q

Cryogenic intermodal tanks (IMO type 7)

A

Working pressures: low - 600 psi
Materials: Carry cryogenic materials that have temperature less then -150F (liquified O2, Helium, Nitrogen)

p50

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1
Q

List 9 DOT Classifications:

EGFFOTRCM

A
  1. Explosives
  2. Gases
  3. Flammable liquids
  4. Flammable solids
  5. Oxidizing substances
  6. Toxic / infectious substances
  7. Radioactive materials
  8. Corrosive substances
  9. Miscellaneous hazardous materials
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2
Q

When implementing a response, what does the acronym SIN stand for?

A

Safety
Isolate
Notify

p111

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3
Q

Wet clothing extracts heat from the body ____times faster then dry clothing. This could lead to hypothermia, a condition in which the core body temp. falls below _______F.

A

240; 95 degrees F

p120

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4
Q

What is a personal dosimeter?

A

A tool used to measure the amount of radioactive exposure received by an individual.

p148

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5
Q

According to NIOSH, The exposure limits are as follows: IDLH,STEL,and REL all stand for what?

A

Immediately dangerous to life and health
Short term exposure limits - 15 min exposure no more 4 times a day
Recommended exposure limits-10 hour exposure

p167

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6
Q

Flammable ranges of Common Gases:
Hydrogen 4.0 - 75%
Natural Gas 5.0 - 15%
Propane 2.5 - 9.0%

A

p24

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7
Q

Terrorism is also classified by 3 diff types:

A

Ecoterrorism - Groups supporting environmental related causes
Agroterrorism - Use of chemical or biological against the agricultural industry
Cyberterrorism - Cyber attacks on government, industrial, and private computer systems.

p137

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8
Q

Why do you never neutralize chemicals on human skin?

A

Heat and toxic gasses may generate when acids and bases are neutralized.

p228

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9
Q

What does the DECIDE model stand for?

A 
D etect hazardous material 
E stimate likely harm without intervention 
C hoose response objectives 
I   dentify action options 
D o best option 
E valuate progress

p111

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10
Q

Pressure intermodal tanks (IMO type 5)

A

Working Pressures: 100 - 600 psi
Materials: liquified compressed gasses (propane and butane )

p50

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11
Q

EVADE acronym can be used to help responders critically think about the prescience of secondary devices. What does it stand for?

A 
Evaluate the scene 
Visually scan for secondary devices 
Avoid touching or moving anything that can conceal device 
Designate scene control zones 
Evacuate victims

p77

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12
Q

MC-338 Cryogenic tank

A

Traits: Boxlike structure, contains control valves; similar to a Dewar
* has a relief valve that will emit small puffs of white vapor as relief valve functions, this is normal.

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13
Q

TRACEMP is an acronym used to classify damages caused by a terrorist attack or hazmat incident, what does it stand for?

A 
T - Thermal 
R - Radiological 
A - Asphyxiation 
C - Chemical 
E - Etiological -  caused by bloodborne pathogens 
M - Mechanical 
P - Psychogenic

P32

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14
Q

STP - Standard temperature and pressure

A

Ideal testing environment for a variety of chemical and physical processes.

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15
Q

IM-101 Portable Tanks (IMO type 1)

A

Capacity: 6300 gallons
Wking Pressures: 25.4 - 100 psi
Materials: Carry mild corrosives, food-grade products, and flammable liquids

p50

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16
Q

Bulk storage containers Hold…

A

Liquids greater than 119 gallon
Bulk packaging with net mass greater then 882 pounds
Gases greater then 100lbs water capacity

p49

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17
Q

Most of the instruments used in fire scene detection can be damaged in temperatures above 100 degrees F.

A

p170

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18
Q

What are 3 methods for manufacturing methamphetamines?

A

Red P- Red Phosphorus lab - traditional method
Anyhydrous ammonia- Faster, requires little knowledge
P2P Phenyl-2-propanone-yields lower quality

p304

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19
Q

Chlorine gas is _____ times heavier then air.

A

2.5

p22

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20
Q 
Signal Words relative toxicity of a material:
Danger-Poison
Danger 
Warning 
Caution
A 
Danger-Poison = Highly toxic by all routes of entry 
Danger = Sever eye damage or skin irritation 
Warning = Moderately toxic 
Caution = Minor toxicity and minor eye damage or skin irritation
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21
Q

MC-331 Pressure Cargo tank

A

Traits: Rounded ends, looks like a pill
Capacity: 1,000 - 11,000 gallons
Working pressures: Internal 250 psi / max 300 psi
Materials: Ammonia, propane, freon, butane
* High risk BLEVE, relief valve operated at 110% of max working pressure.

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22
Q

True or False
Alpha particles have weight and mass; as a consequence, they can not travel very far (less then a few inches) from the nucleus of the atom.

A

True

p29

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23
Q

V-agent is the only Nerve agent considered Persistent because ?

A

It has low vapor pressure and will not evaporate quickly.

p143

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24
MC-312 /DOT 412 (Corrosives cargo tank)
Traits: Heavy duty reinforced rings around the tank; smaller diameter Capacity: 6,000 gallons Wking Pressures: 15 - 25 psi Materials: Corrosives ( Sulfuric acid, phosheric acid, sodium hydroxide)
25
Chemical reactivity
Also know as Chemical Change - Describes the ability of a substance to undergo a transformation at the molecular level, usually with the release of some form of energy. p21
26
What is the flashpoint of Diesel?
120-140 F p23
27
Tube Modules
Working Pressures: 5000 psi Materials: hydrogen and oxygen p50
28
What are two Pulmonary agents?
Chlorine Phosgene - can cause pulmonary edema p144
29
What are the 5 types of evidence?
1. Physical Evidence - Items that can be observed, photographed, measured, collected to prove a point. Ex. Burn Patterns 2. Trace Evidence - Minute quantity of physical evidence that conveyed from one place to another. ex. shoe and shoe print on soil 3. Demonstrative Evidence -anything used to validate a theory how something occurred. 4. Direct Evidence-Facts that can be observed or reported firsthand. statements made by suspects 5. Circumstantial Evidence - Info. used to prove a theory based on facts observed firsthand.
30
Propaine has an expansion ratio of ______ to _______
270:1 - for every 1 volume of liquid propane, 270 times that amount of propane exist as vapor. p21
31
The DuDote is intended for patients between the ages os ____ and ___ years of age?
18;55 p144
32
Chlorine is considered what type of agent?
Pulmonary agent (Chocking agent) = because its inhalation causes severe pulmonary damage p142
33
Chlorine fusible plugs melt at _______ F
160 F p22
34
Define Fire point
The temperature at which sustained combustion of the vapor will occur. p23
35
Nonbulk storage vessels
All types of containers other then bulk containers Hold a few oz to 119 gallons p50
36
What does OSHA HAZWOPER stand for?
Hazardous waste operations and emergency response. p94
37
Which Insoluble substances would not be the best candidates for straight water wash?
Nerve agents Benzine Toluene p227
38
IM-102 Portable Tanks (IMO type 2)
Capacity: 6,300 gallon Wking pressures: 14.7 - 25.4 psi Materials: Carry nonhazardous materials but may also contain flammable liquids and corrosives. p50
39
Biological warfare is categorized in four ways:
1. Bacterial agents (Anthrax) 2. Fungal agents (aflaxtoxin) 3. Viral agents (Ebola virus or smallpox) 4. Toxins (Ricin or botulinum) p306
40
Headspace
The small vapor space above the liquid in a pressurized tank. 10-15 % of the total container capacity is vapor p49
41
What chemical is known as a blood agent?
Cyanide- interfere with the utilization of oxygen by the cells of the body. Most common: Hydrogen cyanide, Cyanogen Chloride p145
42
Dikes / Berms
Short walls that form a catch basin around a vessel p49
43
What are 3 ways to reduce or eliminate contamination ?
1. Dilution 2. Isolation 3. Washing p226
44
Tube trailers
Traits: several individual cylinders banded together Working pressures: 3000 - 5,000 psi Materials: Hydrogen, oxygen, helium, methane
45
Dewar Container
A container designed to hold the temperature of a cold liquid held inside. p48
46
What is SLUDGE and what does it stand for?
Common symptoms of Nerve Agents. Salivation, Lacrimation, Defecation, Gastric upset, Emesis p143
47
Shipping Papers and corresponding names:
``` Bills of landing = Road vehicles Way-bills = Railroad transportation Consist, train-list = Train Dangerous cargo manifest = Marine vessels Air bill = Air transport ```
48
What is a Dirty Bomb?
Any device that causes the purposeful dissemination of radioactive material across an area without nuclear detonation. - IND (Improvised nuclear device) - RED (Radiation Exposure device) p149
49
Intermodal Tanks
Both shipping and storage vessels. They Hold between 5000 and 6000 gallons of product and can be either pressurized or nonpressurized. p49
50
APR's require that the ambient atmosphere contain a minimum of ________ percent oxygen ?
19.5 P103
51
What is the Flashpoint of gasoline?
-45 F p22
52
Dry Bulk Cargo tanks
Traits: V shaped with rounded sides that funnel contents to the bottom. Materials: Powders, pellets, fertilizers, grain Wking Pressures: Not pressurized
53
CBRN
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear. p94
54
The conversion from bar to psi is?
1 bar = 14.7 psi p24
55
NTP - Normal temperature and pressure
These values represent standard conditions under which chemical and physical properties can be tested and documented. p24
56
Potential targets for terrorist can be classified into 3 broad categories:
1. Infrastructure targets 2. Symbolic Targets 3. Civilian Targets p135
57
What are the pump pressures set for when set to a fog pattern for mass Decon?
Between 30 to 50psi. p222
58
MC-306 / DOT 406 (Cargo Tank)
Traits: Oval shaped, offloaded from the bottom Capacity: 6,000 - 10,000 gallons Wking Pressures: Non-pressurized 2.65 - 4 psi Materials:Liquid food-grade, gasoline, Flammable Liquid
59
A backup team for a hazardous response should never be more then _______ or so from being fully dressed and ready for action.
1 minute p116
60
MC-307 / DOT 407 (Chemical Hauler)
Traits: Horse-shoe shaped (insulated) round (uninsulated) Capacity: 6,000 - 7,000 gallons Wking Pressures: up to 35 psi Materials: Flammable liquids, mild corrosives, poisions
61
What is the flammable range of gasoline vapors?
1.4% to 7.6% p23
62
What two chemical agents are classified as Blister agents?
Sulfur Mustard- Clear, yellow; vaporizes slowly; pain onset slow Lewisite- dark brown; causes pain immediately p144
63
What is the mnemonic for lighter-then-air gases?
4H MEDIC ANNA Hydrogen Methane Ammonia Helium Ethylene Neon Hydrogen Cyanide Diborane Nitrogen Hydrogen Fluoride Illuminating gas Acetylene Carbon monoxide
64
PAH (Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons)?
A group of substances that occurs naturally in materials such as crude oil and coal. Can be found in vehicle exhaust, tobacco smoke, and structure fires. p160
65
Other names for Hot, Warm, and Cold zones are?
Exclusionary zone, Contamination reduction zone, Outer perimeter. p113
66
List some Facts about Beta particles
``` More energetic then alpha particles pose a greater health hazard can travel 10-15 feet in open air cause damage to living tissue Causes Ionizing Radiation ``` p29
67
Facts about Gamma Radiation
``` Most energetic radiation; is pure electromagnetic energy travels at the speed of light Sources of gamma radiation: Cesium Cobalt ``` p31
68
Ionizing radiation
Has the capability to cause changes in human cells; mutation of the cell become the root cause of cancer. p29
69
what does ALARA stand for?
As low as reasonably achievable p31
70
What is NFPA 1994
Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism incidents P100
71
Common Nerve Agents
Tabun Soman Sarin V-agent
72
Blister agents
Sulfer mustard | Lewisite
73
Pulmonary agents
Phosgene | Chlorine
74
Blood agents
Cyanide Most commonly encountered cyanide compounds: hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride
75
Biological agents
Anthrax Plague Smallpox

Engineer Test 2016 (12 decks)

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