Hazards_AQA_A_Level_Geography_Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the three main types of hazard?
Geological, atmospheric, hydrological.
What is the difference between risk and vulnerability?
Risk is the likelihood of harm; vulnerability is how susceptible people are to that harm.
What is fatalism in relation to hazards?
The belief that hazards are inevitable and people can do little to change outcomes.
What is prediction in hazard management?
Using data and technology to forecast hazards and reduce their impact.
What happens at destructive plate boundaries?
An oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate, causing volcanoes and earthquakes.
Give an example of a constructive plate boundary.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Eurasian and North American plates).
Give an example of a destructive plate boundary.
Nazca Plate subducting beneath the South American Plate.
Give an example of a conservative plate boundary.
San Andreas Fault (Pacific and North American plates).
What is slab pull?
Gravity pulls a subducting plate downwards, dragging the rest of the plate with it.
Name a LIC earthquake case study.
Haiti 2010.
Name a HIC earthquake case study.
Japan 2011.
What were the primary and secondary impacts of the Haiti earthquake?
Primary: buildings collapsed, high death toll. Secondary: cholera outbreak, aid challenges.
What were the primary and secondary impacts of the Japan earthquake?
Primary: tsunami, building damage. Secondary: Fukushima nuclear disaster.
What are three volcanic hazards?
Pyroclastic flows, ashfall, lahars.
Name a volcanic eruption case study and one impact.
Eyjafjallajökull 2010 — air travel disruption across Europe.
What factors influence the impact of a volcanic eruption?
Population density, preparedness, eruption style, magma type.
What conditions are needed for tropical storm formation?
Warm sea temperatures (>26.5°C), low wind shear, Coriolis force.
Name a tropical storm case study and one impact.
Typhoon Haiyan — storm surge and thousands of deaths.
How might climate change affect tropical storms?
May increase storm intensity due to warmer seas.
Name two natural causes of wildfires.
Lightning, spontaneous combustion.
Name two human causes of wildfires.
Arson, unattended campfires.
Name a wildfire case study and one impact.
Australia 2019–20 — loss of biodiversity and human deaths.
What are three wildfire management strategies?
Controlled burns, evacuation planning, fire bans.
