head neck

Question 1

HEAD
* the framework of the head is the skull, which can be divided
into two subsections:

Answer 1

the cranium and the face

Question 2

CRANIUM
* houses and protects the brain and major sensory organs. It
consists of eight bones:

Answer 2

o Frontal (1)
o Parietal (2)
o Temporal (2)
o Occipital (1)
o Ethmoid (1)
o Sphenoid (1)

Question 3

Facial bones give shape to the face. The face consists of
14 bones.

Answer 3

o Maxilla (2)

▪ Free movement
o Zygomatic (cheek) (2)
o Inferior conchae (2)
o Nasal (2)
o Lacrimal (2)
o Palatine (2)
o Vomer (1)
o Mandible (jaw) (1)

Question 4

muscles are two of the
paired muscles that allow movement and provide support to
the head and neck

Answer 4

Sternomastoid and trapezius

Question 5

muscle rotates and flexes the head

Answer 5

Sternomastoid muscle

Question 6

extends the head and moves the
shoulders.

Answer 6

Trapezius muscle

Question 7

is the largest endocrine gland in the body.

Answer 7

Thyroid Gland

Question 8

through which air enters the lungs, is composed
of C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings.

Answer 8

Trachea

Question 9

The first upper tracheal
ring, called the ___, has a small notch in it.

Answer 9

cricoid cartilage,

Question 10

(“Adam’s apple”) is larger and located
just above the cricoid cartilage. The hyoid bone, which is
attached to the tongue, lies above the thyroid cartilage and
under the mandible.

Answer 10

Thyroid cartilage

Question 11

characterized by enlargement of the facial features (nose,
ears) and the hands and feet
* occurs in about 6 of every 100,000 adults
* caused by increased production of growth hormone after
the skeleton and other
* organs finish growing
* often due to a noncancerous (benign) tumor of the pituitary
gland
* also seen in Paget’s disease.

Answer 11

Acromegaly

Question 12

• may present with a moon-shaped face with reddened
  cheeks and increased facial hair

Answer 12

Cushing Syndrome

Question 13

• tightened-hard face with thinning facial skin

Answer 13

Scleroderma

Question 14

• usually begins suddenly and reaches a peak within 48
  hours
• Symptoms may include twitching, weakness, paralysis,
  drooping eyelid or corner of the mouth, drooling, dry eye,
  dry mouth, decreased ability to taste, eye tearing, facial
  distortion.
• One-sided facial paralysis characterizes Bell’s palsy

Answer 14

Bell’s Palsy

Question 15

• Exophthalmos is seen in

Answer 15

Hyperthyroidism