heart

Question 1

What carries blood away from the heart?

Answer 1

Arteries

Question 2

What carries blood to the heart?

Answer 2

Veins

Question 3

What are the smallest blood vessels?

Answer 3

Capillaries

Question 4

What is tachycardia?

Answer 4

Rapid heart rate - over 100 bpm

Question 5

What is bradycardia?

Answer 5

Slow heart rate - under 60 bpm

Question 6

What is angina pectoris?

Answer 6

Severe chest pain due to lack of oxygen

Question 7

Which ventricle is the thickest and why?

Answer 7

Left; it must pump blood to the whole body

Question 8

What is another name for the mitral valve?

Answer 8

Bicuspid valve or left AV valve

Question 9

What is the Jarvik-7?

Answer 9

The first artificial heart

Question 10

What is the SA node?

Answer 10

The natural pacemaker in the right atrium

Question 11

What is the AV node?

Answer 11

Knot of nervous tissue at the junction of the right atrium and ventricle

Question 12

What are Purkinje fibers?

Answer 12

Nervous tissue fibers in the muscle of the ventricles

Question 13

Where is the Bundle of His located?

Answer 13

At the top of the septum; also called the AV bundle

Question 14

What do the bundle branches do?

Answer 14

Two branches coming off of the AV bundle that go down through the septum

Question 15

What are the valves in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 15

Heart and veins

Question 16

What is a myocardial infarction?

Answer 16

Heart attack

Question 17

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 17

Build up of lipids in the arteries

Question 18

What is the function of a pacemaker?

Answer 18

Set the pace (rhythm) of the heart

Question 19

What is systolic pressure?

Answer 19

Pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting; top number

Question 20

What is diastolic pressure?

Answer 20

Pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing; bottom number

Question 21

Define hypertension.

Answer 21

High blood pressure over 140/90

Question 22

Define hypotension.

Answer 22

Low blood pressure below 120/80

Question 23

What is the average blood pressure?

Answer 23

120/80

Question 24

Name at least four factors that affect blood pressure.

Answer 24

• Diet
• Health
• Age
• Medications
• Male vs. female
• Body position

Question 25

What is blood pressure?

Answer 25

The push and recoiling of the arteries when blood is moving through

Question 26

Name at least five pulse points.

Answer 26

* Radial * Femoral * Carotid * Temporal * Popliteal * Dorsalis pedis * Brachial

Question 27

Why do respiratory rates go up when you exercise?

Answer 27

To get rid of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 28

What is vasoconstriction?

Answer 28

Narrowing of blood vessels

Question 29

What is vasodilation?

Answer 29

Widening of blood vessels

Question 30

What causes the lub dub sound of the heart?

Answer 30

The valves closing

Question 31

What is the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?

Answer 31

SA node/ AV node/ AV Bundle (Bundle of His)/ Bundle branches/ Purkinje fibers

Question 32

What stimulates the SA node?

Answer 32

Vagus nerve

Question 33

What flap of tissue keeps blood from flowing backwards?

Answer 33

Valves

Question 34

What are two things that help blood flow back to the heart in the veins?

Answer 34

* Respiratory pump * Skeletal muscle contraction

Question 35

What is the importance of the septum?

Answer 35

Keeps the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing

Question 36

What is a heart murmur?

Answer 36

Leaking of blood in the heart usually at the valves

Question 37

What is stenosis?

Answer 37

Valves do not open completely

Question 38

What is regurgitation?

Answer 38

Valves do not close completely

Question 39

How do artery walls compare to vein walls?

Answer 39

Thicker

Question 40

What is a heart stent?

Answer 40

Wire mesh used to keep the artery open

Question 41

What is a coronary bypass?

Answer 41

A vein is taken from elsewhere in the body and grafted from the Aorta past a blockage in a coronary artery