nervous system

Question 1

The Nervous System is divided into what two main subdivisions

Answer 1

Central Nervous System (CNS)
(PNS) Peripheral Nervous System

Question 2

What two structures make up the CNS

Answer 2

Brain
Spinal Cord

Question 3

What makes up the PNS

Answer 3

All the nerves outside of the CNS

Question 4

What are the two main subdivisions of the PNS

Answer 4

Sensory - Afferent
Motor - Efferent

Question 5

What is the function of sensory or afferent neurons?

Answer 5

Carries impulses to the spinal cord or brain from the receptors

Question 6

What is the function of motor or efferent neurons?

Answer 6

Carries impulse away from the spinal cord or brain to a muscle or gland

Question 7

What is the function of an interneuron or association neuron

Answer 7

Relays the information between the sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord.

Question 8

two main subdivisions of the motor or efferent nervous system and there functions

Answer 8

Somatic Nervous System - voluntary
Autonomic Nervous System - involuntary

Question 9

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system? And what are their
functions

Answer 9

Sympathetic Nervous System - fight or flight
Parasympathetic Nervous System - resting and digesting

Question 10

cerebrum (and its four lobes

Answer 10

the largest part of the brain / carries out cognitive
functions, interprets input from the senses, controls movement of skeletal
muscles - see Brain Power

Question 11

Cerebellum

Answer 11

the second largest part of brain/coordinates movement and helps your balance

Question 12

Brainstem

Answer 12

connects the brain to spinal cord

Question 13

what are Gyri

Answer 13

bumps on the brain to increase surface area

Question 14

Thalamus

Answer 14

relaying sensory and motor signals, as well as regulation of
consciousness and alertness

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Answer 15

controls your body’s temperature, water balance, metabolism,
thirst, appetite, sex drive, pain, and pleasure centers

Question 16

Medulla oblongata

Answer 16

involuntary activities such as breathing, heart beat

Question 17

Pons

Answer 17

control breathing

Question 18

Dendrite

Answer 18

short extensions that receive the impulse

Question 19

Axon

Answer 19

long extension that carries the impulse away from the neuron

Question 20

Cell body

Answer 20

contains the nucleus and other organelles

Question 21

Myelin Sheath

Answer 21

white, fatty, insulating covering of the Schwann Cell

Question 22

Schwann Cell

Answer 22

cells around the axon that insulate - (Play-Doh)

Question 23

Axon Terminals

Answer 23

at the end of the axon / they release neurotransmitters

Question 24

What is a synapse

Answer 24

Space between 2 neurons

Question 25

What type of chemical brings an impulse across the synaptic cleft

Answer 25

neurotransmitter

Question 26

the outermost meningeal layer of the brain

Answer 26

Dura mater - tough mother - leathery

Question 27

middle meningeal layer of the brain

Answer 27

Arachnoid layer - cobb- webby

Question 28

the innermost meningeal layer of the brain

Answer 28

Pia mater - gentle mother

Question 29

first stage of a reflex arc

Answer 29

Receptor - sensory tissue that picks up the stimulus / example pin in skin

Question 30

second stage of a reflex arc

Answer 30

sensory neuron or afferent neuron - carries impulse from the receptor to the spinal cord

Question 31

third stage of a reflex arc

Answer 31

Interneuron or association neuron - In the spinal cord/relays info from sensory neurons to motor neurons / makes decision to take action in the reflex arc

Question 32

forth stage of a reflex arc

Answer 32

Motor neuron or Efferent neuron - carries impulses from spinal cord to muscle or gland

Question 33

fifth stage of a reflex arc

Answer 33

Effector - muscle or gland / carries out the action

Question 34

What is an action potential

Answer 34

Nerve impulse

Question 35

What ion moves into the cell during an action potential

Answer 35

Na+

Question 36

What ion moves out of the cell during an action potential?

Answer 36

K+

Question 37

the cranial nerve Olfactory does

Answer 37

smell

Question 38

the cranial nerve Optic does

Answer 38

vision

Question 39

the cranial nerve Oculomotor does

Answer 39

moves 4 of 6 eye muscles

Question 40

the cranial nerve Trochlear does

Answer 40

moves 1 eye muscle

Question 41

cranial nerve Trigeminal does

Answer 41

chewing

Question 42

cranial nerve Abducens does

Answer 42

roll eyes laterally

Question 43

the cranial nerve Facial does

Answer 43

facial expressions

Question 44

the cranial nerve Vestibulocochlear does

Answer 44

hearing and balance

Question 45

the cranial nerve Glossopharyngeal does

Answer 45

swallowing

Question 46

the cranial nerve Vagus does

Answer 46

extends down into abdomen and thorax

Question 47

the cranial nerve Accessory does

Answer 47

moves neck and shoulders

Question 48

the cranial nerve Hypoglossal does

Answer 48

tongue movement