Heart and Arteries

Question 1

space in the medial thoracic cavity between the two pleural cavities in which the hear and other organs are located

Answer 1

mediastinum

Question 2

outer, dense connective tissue layer of pericardium

Answer 2

fibrous pericardium

Question 3

protective sac that encloses the heart

Answer 3

perietal pericardium

Question 4

space between parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium (epicardium), contains lubricating fluid

Answer 4

pericardial cavity

Question 5

the outer covering in the heart

Answer 5

epicardium (visceral pericardium)

Question 6

the innermost lining of the heart

Answer 6

endocardium

Question 7

the muscle layer of the heart, causes the heart to contract

Answer 7

myocardium

Question 8

membrane that partitions the two atria

Answer 8

interatrial septum

Question 9

myocaridal tissue that partitions the two ventricles

Answer 9

interventricular septum

Question 10

inferior pointed portion of the heart

Answer 10

apex

Question 11

receives blood from head and upper body and drains into the right atrium

Answer 11

superior vena cava

Question 12

receives blood from the legs and trunk and drains into the right atrium

Answer 12

inferior vena cava

Question 13

return deoxygenated blood from the myocardium to coronary sinus

Answer 13

coronary veins

Question 14

large vessel on the left posterior heart between atria and ventricle, receives venous blood from the coronary veins and drains into the right atrium

Answer 14

coronary sinus

Question 15

superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary sinus

Answer 15

right atrium

Question 16

anterior part of the atrium, flap like extension

Answer 16

right auricle

Question 17

muscular ridge within both auricles and anterior walls of the atria

Answer 17

pectinate

Question 18

located between right atrium and right ventricle, prevents backflow into the right atrium during ventricular contraction

Answer 18

right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve

Question 19

right inferior portion of the heart, sends blood to the pulmonary trunk

Answer 19

right ventricle

Question 20

ridges of muscle in the endocardium of the ventricles

Answer 20

trabeculae carneae

Question 21

small muscles that fasten the chordae tendineae to the ventricular wall

Answer 21

papillary muscle

Question 22

strands of connective tissue that holds the valves in position while the heart is contracting

Answer 22

chordae tendineae

Question 23

prevents backflow of the blood from the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation

Answer 23

pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 24

a large vessel on the anterior superior portion of the heart that recieves blood form the right ventricle and directs it to lungs via the pulmonary arteries

Answer 24

pulmonary trunk

Question 25

paired branches of the pulmonary trunk that direct deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be oxygenated

Answer 25

pulmonary arteries

Question 26

two vessels from each lung that return oxygenated blood to the heart's left atrium

Answer 26

pulmonary viens

Question 27

receives blood form the lungs via the pulmonary veins

Answer 27

left atrium

Question 28

anterior part of the atrium, flap like extenstion

Answer 28

left auricle

Question 29

located between atrium and ventricle on the left side, prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular contraction

Answer 29

left atrioventricular (bicuspid, mitral) valve

Question 30

composed of an unusually thick myocardial wall for contraction against high pressure

Answer 30

left ventricle

Question 31

three half-moon shaped cusps that prevent backflow of blood from the aorta to the relaxed left ventricle

Answer 31

aortic semilunar valve

Question 32

receives blood from the left ventricle

Answer 32

ascending aorta

Question 33

vessels that branch immediately from the ascending aorta, supply blood to the myocardium

Answer 33

coronary arteries

Question 34

curved portion of the aorta that extend superior and posterior to the pulmonary trunk

Answer 34

aortic arch

Question 35

portion of the aorta that decends from the aortic arch and continues inferiorly until it divides into the common iliac arteries

Answer 35

descending aorta

Question 36

first branch of the aortic arch, unpaired vessel originating from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the right arm and head through the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries

Answer 36

brachiocephalic trunk (artery)

Question 37

middle branch originating from the aortic arch, supplies the left side of the neck and head through the external and internal carotids

Answer 37

left common carotid artery

Question 38

the last branch of the aortic arch, supplies the left upper limb through the axillary artery

Answer 38

left subclavian artery

Question 39

one of two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk, delivers blood to right side of head and neck

Answer 39

right common carotid artery

Question 40

paired artery located anterior to internal carotid artery, divides into arteries such as the facial artery that supply all structures of head except brain

Answer 40

external carotid artery

Question 41

paired artery located posterior to the external carotid, enters the skull via the carotid canal of the temporal bone, supplies the orbit and cerebrum

Answer 41

internal carotid artery

Question 42

located inferior to the clavicle, supplies upper limbs through axillary artery; the right subclavian artery is one of the two branches of the brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 42

right subclavian artery

Question 43

paired, originates form the sublavian arter, passes through the transverse foramen and the foramen magnum, forms the basilar artery

Answer 43

vertebral artery

Question 44

paired artery originating form the subclavian artery descending down the posterior side of the rib cage

Answer 44

internal thoracic artery

Question 45

continuation of the subclavian artery, it passes through the armpit region and gives rise to the deep brachial and brachial arteries

Answer 45

axillary artery

Question 46

continuation of the axillary artery, this artery descends the medial side of the humerus then branches into the radial and ulnar arteries

Answer 46

brachial artery

Question 47

a branch of the brachial artery that descends the radial side and supplies the forearm

Answer 47

radial artery

Question 48

a branch of the brachial artery that descends the ulnar side and supplies the forearm

Answer 48

ulnar artery

Question 49

supply the intercostal muscles, arterial branches of the internal thoracic artery

Answer 49

intercostal artery

Question 50

short vessel arising from the aorta inferior to the diaphragm, divides into three branches

Answer 50

celiac trunk

Question 51

supplies the spleen

Answer 51

splenic artery

Question 52

supplies the stomach

Answer 52

left gastric artery

Question 53

supplies the liver, branches into right gastric and gastroduodenal arteries

Answer 53

common hepatic artery

Question 54

a branch from the descending aorta inferior to the celiac trunk, supplies the majority of the small intestine and part of the large intestine

Answer 54

superior mesenteric artery

Question 55

paired branch of the descending aorta that supplies the kidneys

Answer 55

renal artery

Question 56

paired lateral aortic branch that supplies the adrenal glands

Answer 56

suprarenal artery

Question 57

paired branch of the descending aorta at the L-2 level that supplies the gonad of the male/female

Answer 57

gonadal artery

Question 58

branch of the descending aorta located immediately superior to the bifurcation into the common iliac arteries, supplies part of the large intestine and the rectum

Answer 58

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 59

four paired branches off the posterior side of the descending aorta, supply lumbar muscles and spinal cord

Answer 59

lumbar artery

Question 60

a branch of the descending aorta, supply the region of the sacrum and coccyx

Answer 60

middle (median) sacral artery

Question 61

bifurcation of the descending aorta, supplies lower extremities and divides into the internal and external iliac arteries

Answer 61

common iliac artery

Question 62

deep branch of the common iliac artery that supplies the genital organs and gluteal muscles of the pelvic region

Answer 62

internal iliac artery

Question 63

superficial branch of the common iliac artery that continues as the femoral artery

Answer 63

external iliac artery

Question 64

continuation of the external iliac artery after it transverses the inguinal ligament, supplies the muscles of the thigh

Answer 64

femoral artery

Question 65

a branch of the femoral artery that supplies the posterior thigh muscles

Answer 65

deep femoral artery

Question 66

continuation of the femoral artery in the region of the posterior knee, supplies the knee joint, divides into posterior and anterior tibial arteries

Answer 66

popliteal artery

Question 67

derived from the popliteal artery, supplies the extensor muscles of the lower leg, ankel and dorsal side of the foot

Answer 67

anterior tibial artery

Question 68

supplies the flexor and peroneal muscles of the lower leg, sole and toes

Answer 68

posterior tibial artery