Veins, Fetal Circulation, Lymphatic System, and Endocrine System

Question 1

deep vein that drains blood from the lateral side of the hand

Answer 1

radial vein

Question 2

deep vein that drains blood form the medial side of the hand

Answer 2

ulnar vein

Question 3

superficial vein that merges with the axillary vein on the lateral side of the arm, drains the superficial portion of the hand

Answer 3

cephalic vein

Question 4

superficial vein of the arm that merges with the brachial vein to become the axillary vein

Answer 4

basilic vein

Question 5

a vein that forms a bridge between the cephalic vein and the basilic vein; blood can be sampled at this site

Answer 5

median cubital vein

Question 6

vein that runs deep on the medial side of the arm and receives blood from the radial and ulnar veins

Answer 6

brachial vein

Question 7

vein in the armpit region, this vessel merges with the cephalic vein to become the subclavian vein

Answer 7

axillary vein

Question 8

passes inferior to the clavicle, becomes brachiocephalic vein

Answer 8

subclavian vein

Question 9

paired vessel that drains into subclavian vein; superficial to sternocleidomastoid

Answer 9

external jugular vein

Question 10

a large and deep vein that parallels the common carotid artery, deep to sternocleidomastoid

Answer 10

internal jugular vein

Question 11

paired vessel that receives blood from the subclavian vein, enters the superior vena cava

Answer 11

brachiocephalic vein

Question 12

one of the major vessels connected the right atrium of the heart, drains the upper body

Answer 12

superior vena cava

Question 13

paired vein originating from the subclavian vein descending down the posterior side of the rib cage

Answer 13

internal thoracic vein

Question 14

collects blood from vertebrae and thoracic wall; drains into azygos vein

Answer 14

intercostal vein

Question 15

merges with the superior vena cava in proximity to the right atrium, receives blood from the posterior thoracic region

Answer 15

azygos vein

Question 16

one of two major vessels connected to the right atrium, drains lower body

Answer 16

inferior vena cava

Question 17

located on the superior aspect of the liver, drains the portal system and empties into the inferior vena cava near the right atrium

Answer 17

hepatic vein

Question 18

receives blood from the capillaries associated with the digestive organs, formed by union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins

Answer 18

hepatic portal vein

Question 19

the vein that carries blood from the small and large intestines

Answer 19

superior mesenteric vein

Question 20

a group of veins that drain the posterior abdominal wall, vertebral column and spinal cord and return to the inferior vena cava

Answer 20

lumbar vein

Question 21

found on the lesser curvature of the stomach drains this portion of the stomach

Answer 21

gastric vein

Question 22

located on the greater curvature where it drains nutrients and wastes from the stomach into the splenic and superior mesenteric veins

Answer 22

gastro-omental (gastorepiploic) vein

Question 23

vein that drains the spleen, receives blood from four other veins (inferior mesenteric vein, pancreatic veins, short gastric veins, right gastroepiploic vein)

Answer 23

splenic vein

Question 24

from the gonad, the right vein drains into the inferior vena cava while the left vein drains into the left renal vein

Answer 24

gonadal vein

Question 25

paired vessel that drains the kidney, merges with the inferior vena cava

Answer 25

renal vein

Question 26

paired vessel that drains the adrenal gland

Answer 26

suprarenal vein

Question 27

drains the large intestine, flows directly into the splenic vein

Answer 27

inferior mesenteric vein

Question 28

receives blood form the internal and external iliac veins and returns blood to the inferior vena cava

Answer 28

common iliac vein

Question 29

superficial vessel that receives blood from the femoral vein, returns blood to common iliac vein

Answer 29

external iliac vein

Question 30

deep branch that drains the gluteal region, returns blood to the common iliac vein

Answer 30

internal iliac vein

Question 31

the medial sacral vein courses along the middle of the anterior surface of the sacrum and drains into the left common iliac vein.

Answer 31

median sacral vein

Question 32

vein that ascend form the foot anterior to the tibia to the posterior knee where it becomes the popliteal vein.

Answer 32

anterior tibial vein

Question 33

vein that ascend from the foot along the posterior aspect of the tibia where it becomes the popliteal vein

Answer 33

posterior tibial vein

Question 34

vein that drains the posterior knee region

Answer 34

popliteal vein

Question 35

major vein of the thigh that receives blood from the deep femoral and great saphenous vein

Answer 35

femoral vein

Question 36

ascend from the posterior aspect of the leg in the groin area

Answer 36

deep femoral vein

Question 37

returns blood from the arch of the foot and ascend to the level of the thigh where it empties into the femoral vein

Answer 37

great saphenous vein

Question 38

major organ in which material and fetal blood exchange nutrients, waste products and gases

Answer 38

placenta

Question 39

the elongated structure that connects the fetus to the placenta; contains a large vein and two arteries

Answer 39

umbilical cord

Question 40

delivers oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus

Answer 40

umbilical vein

Question 41

paired vessels that deliver deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta

Answer 41

umbilical artery

Question 42

branch of the umbilical vein that enters directly into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the portal system of the liver

Answer 42

ductus venosus

Question 43

opening within the interatrial septum that acts to bypass the pulmonary circulation

Answer 43

foramen ovale

Question 44

shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aorta; bypasses pulmonary circulation

Answer 44

ductus arteriosus

Question 45

consist of lymphatic cells within an extracellular connective tissue matrix

Answer 45

lymphatic organs

Question 46

small structures containing lymphatic tissue (phagocytic cells, etc.) through which lymph is filtered

Answer 46

lymph nodes

Question 47

located on the left side of the abdominal cavity functions include cleansing the blood of retired old red blood cells

Answer 47

spleen

Question 48

located in the thoracic region deep to manubrium, visible in childhood, atrophies in adulthood; functions in the immune system

Answer 48

thymus

Question 49

lymph tissue located at the back of the throat

Answer 49

tonsils

Question 50

expanded, saclike chamber located at the base of the thoracic duct; receives lymph from the lower abdomen, pelvis and lower limbs

Answer 50

cisterna chyli

Question 51

located mid-thoracic and ventral to the spinal cord; drains lymph from lower and left upper body into the left subclavian vein

Answer 51

thoracic duct

Question 52

drains lymph from the right upper body into the right subclavian vein

Answer 52

right lymphatic duct

Question 53

ductless glands that release hormones into the blood stream where they are transported to target tissues

Answer 53

endocrine glands

Question 54

composed of two halves, the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis

Answer 54

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Question 55

attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

Answer 55

infundibulum

Question 56

anterior portion of the pituitary, hormones produced and secreted include. . . .

Answer 56

anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Question 57

stimulates maturation of sperm and follicle cells

Answer 57

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 58

stimulates secretion of sex hormones in both males and females

Answer 58

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 59

regulates the adrenal cortex

Answer 59

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 60

regulates thyroid gland

Answer 60

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 61

stimulates production of milk in the breasts

Answer 61

prolactin

Question 62

regulates body growth and bone elongation

Answer 62

growth hormone (GH)

Question 63

stimulates the melanocytes to produce melanin

Answer 63

melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Question 64

posterior portion of the pituitary, hormons secreted includes . . . .

Answer 64

posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis)

Question 65

targets the smooth muscles of the uterus causing uterine contractions and milk ejection in the breasts

Answer 65

oxytocin

Question 66

targets kidney tubules for water retention by reducing water loss from kidneys

Answer 66

antidiuretic hormone (vassopressin)

Question 67

located in the neck region anterior to the trochlea and inferior to the thyroid cartilage; secretes . . . .

Answer 67

thyroid gland

Question 68

controls rate of growth and energy metabolism

Answer 68

triiodothyronine

Question 69

controls rate of growth and energy metabolism

Answer 69

thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine)

Question 70

prevents loss of calcium from bone, reduces calcium in blood stream

Answer 70

calcitonin

Question 71

paired gland on the posterior side of the thyroid secretes . . .

Answer 71

parathyroid gland

Question 72

antagonistic to calcitonin in regulating blood calcium levels, aka increases calcium levels in blood

Answer 72

parathyroid hormone

Question 73

an irregularly shaped structure in the posterior abdomen which has both exocrine and endocrine functions

Answer 73

pancreas

Question 74

enhances breakdown of glycogen within the liver, increases blood sugar

Answer 74

glucagon

Question 75

enhances storage of glycogen by the liver and muscle cells, decreases glucose level in blood stream

Answer 75

insulin

Question 76

located directly above the kidneys

Answer 76

adrenal (suprarenal) gland

Question 77

outside portion of the adrenal gland, secretes corticosteroids

Answer 77

cortex

Question 78

regulates sodium and water eliminated by kidney tubules

Answer 78

aldosterone

Question 79

anti-inflammatory, anti-stress compound

Answer 79

cortisol

Question 80

sex hormones

Answer 80

androgens

Question 81

inside portion of the adrenal gland, secretes . . .

Answer 81

medulla

Question 82

catecholamine that increases blood pressure and prepares body fro stressful, physical activity

Answer 82

norepinephrine

Question 83

catecholamine that increases blood pressure and prepares the body for stressful, physical activity

Answer 83

epinephrine

Question 84

glands located in the scrotum that produce and secrete. . .

Answer 84

testes

Question 85

induce the development of internal and external male sex organs

Answer 85

testosterone

Question 86

glands located on each side of the uterus that produce and secrete . . .

Answer 86

ovaries

Question 87

induces development and controls the function of the female reproductive organs

Answer 87

estrogen

Question 88

invovled in maturation of the uterine endometrium, allowing implantation of the fertilized egg

Answer 88

progesterone

Question 89

found in the brain, secretes melatonin which may regulate the daily cycle

Answer 89

pineal gland (body)

Question 90

regulates circadian rhythms

Answer 90

melatonin

Question 91

located superior to heart, function associated with the immune system (T-lymphocytes and T-cells), most visible in fetus

Answer 91

thymus

Question 92

stimulate the differentiation, growth, and maturation of T-lymphocytes

Answer 92

thymopoietin and thymosins

Question 93

controls maternal exchange of nutrients and wastes and produces HCG, progesterone and estrogen

Answer 93

placenta

Question 94

acts on corpus luteum

Answer 94

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)