Heart - Exam 2

Question 1

pericardium

Answer 1

double walled sac surrounding heart containing serous fluid
parietal layer - lines fibrous pericardium
visceral layer - lies over heart

Question 2

pericarditis

Answer 2

inflammation of pericardium
generates friction and potential fluid buildup -> cardiac tamponade

Question 3

heart walls

Answer 3

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 4

epicardium

Answer 4

visceral layer of serous pericardium

Question 5

myocardium

Answer 5

contractile, muscular layer of heart

Question 6

endocardium

Answer 6

smooth endothelial cell like layer

Question 7

right auricle

Answer 7

muscular projection on anterior surface of right atrium
reservoir for deoxygenated blood

Question 8

right atrium

Answer 8

receives deoxygenated blood from the body through SVC/IVC
pumps blood to right ventricle

Question 9

right ventricle

Answer 9

receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium via tricuspid valve
pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary artery

Question 10

ascending aorta

Answer 10

initial portion of aorta, comes up from L ventricle
carries oxygenated blood from heart to rest of body
maintains BP

Question 11

ligamentum arteriosum

Answer 11

fibrous cord that connects L pulmonary artery to aortic arch
fetus - ductus arteriosus

Question 12

pectinate muscles

Answer 12

found in inner walls of right and left atrial appendages
increase surface area of atria (improves ability to expand/collect blood)

Question 13

interatrial septum

Answer 13

separates L and R atria
maintains blood flow between chambers
fetus - foramen ovale

Question 14

chordae tendinae

Answer 14

connect papillary muscles to AV valves
prevent blood backflow into atria

Question 15

semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary)

Answer 15

regulate blood flow from ventricle to arteries
aortic - between L ventricle and aorta
pulmonary - between R ventricle and pulmonary artery

Question 16

left auricle

Answer 16

muscular pouch that helps pump blood

Question 17

left atrium

Answer 17

receives oxygenated blood from longs via pulmonary veins
pumps blood to left ventricle

Question 18

left ventricle

Answer 18

receives oxygenated blood from left atrium via mitral/bicuspid valve
pumps blood to aorta via aortic valve
thick wall for pumping blood to body

Question 19

aortic arch

Answer 19

gives off branches
brachiocephalic, L common carotid, L subclavian
branches supply blood to head, beck and upper extremities

Question 20

coronary sinus

Answer 20

collects/drains deoxygenated blood from coronary circulation to right atrium

Question 21

crista terminalis

Answer 21

separates smooth walled portion of RA from trabeculated portion
origin for pectinate muscles
marks location of SA node

Question 22

tricuspid valve

Answer 22

between RA/RV

Question 23

papillary muscles

Answer 23

in ventricles
support AV valves and prevent back flow

Question 24

fossa ovalis

Answer 24

depression of interatribal septum
remnant of foramen ovale

Question 25

inter ventricular septum

Answer 25

muscular wall that separates L/R ventricles

Question 26

pulmonary trunk and arteries

Answer 26

carries deoxygenated blood from RV to lungs

Question 27

branches of aortic arch

Answer 27

brachiocephalic trunk left common carotid artery left subclavian artery (ABCS)

Question 28

trabeculae carneae

Answer 28

muscle on inner surface of ventricles connected to papillary muscles (support valves)

Question 29

bicuspid valve

Answer 29

between LA/LV

Question 30

fetal circulation

Answer 30

work to bypass lungs or liver, close after birth foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus

Question 31

foramen ovale

Answer 31

fetal circulation, bypasses lung, becomes fossa ovalis

Question 32

ductus arteriosus

Answer 32

fetal circulation, bypasses lungs, becomes ligamentum arteriosum

Question 33

coronary circulation arteries

Answer 33

L coronary - anterior inter ventricular artery (LAD), left circumflex artery R coronary - posterior inter ventricular artery

Question 34

coronary circulation veins

Answer 34

great cardiac middle cardiac coronary sinus