Lungs and Thoracic Cavity - Exam 2

Question 1

parietal and visceral plurae

Answer 1

lining pleural cavity and lungs respectively
serous membranes with fluid between that indirectly attach lungs to thoracic wall

Question 2

parietal pleura

Answer 2

costal, mediastinal, cervical, and diaphragmatic portions
where parietal pleural sections change direction = reflections (seams)
areas where fluid can build up within pleura are recesses (ex: diaphragmatic)

Question 3

endothoracic fascia

Answer 3

holds parietal pleura to thoracic walls

Question 4

pneumothorax

Answer 4

when membrane is pierced and allows air in, lung collapses (ex: stab wound or degenerative lung disease)

Question 5

lung surfaces

Answer 5

costal, mediastinal, cervical, diaphragmatic
**named for what they lie against, all have associated visceral pleura

Question 6

lung structures

Answer 6

apex and base
hilum/root
lobes
oblique fissure
horizontal fissure (right lung)
cardiac notch (left lung)
lingula

Question 7

hilum/root (lung)

Answer 7

contain pulmonary arteries, primary bronchi, pulmonary veins and lymph vessels

Question 8

left lobes of lung

Answer 8

superior and inferior

Question 9

right lobes of lung

Answer 9

superior, middle, and inferior

Question 10

trachea

Answer 10

made up of C shaped cartilages connected by ligaments
smooth muscle on along the posterior allows change in diameter (ie coughing)

Question 11

carina

Answer 11

cartilage at junction of secondary bronchi, very sensitive to debris and triggers strong cough reflex

Question 12

main/primary bronchi

Answer 12

one to each lung (R is at higher risk of aspirating)

Question 13

lobar/secondary bronchi

Answer 13

one to each lobe

Question 14

segmental/tertriary bronchi

Answer 14

one to each bronchopulmonary segment

Question 15

bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 15

segments of lung with their own air and blood supply via tertiary bronchi and tertiary arteries
can be removed individually if diseased or damaged