Heart Failure

Question 1

Blood flow

Answer 1

Superior/inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta

Question 2

ACE inhibitor

Answer 2

Ended in -pril lisinopril capitopril
Prevents angiotensin II formation (a vasoconstrictor) so decreases blood pressure

Question 3

ARB’s

Answer 3

Sartan
Block angiotensin II receptors

Question 4

Beta blockers

Answer 4

-olol
Reduce adrenaline (fight or flight hormone)
Reduce BP by decreasing heart rate and contractiliy

Question 5

Calcium channel blockers

Answer 5

-dipine
Inhibit calcium to enter the cells causing vasodilating
Don’t eat grapefruit

Question 6

Cardiac output?

Answer 6

Stroke volume x heart rate

Question 7

How many g of salt?

Answer 7

1.5 to 2 g

Question 8

Examples of positive inotropic medications (cardiac glycosids)

Answer 8

Digoxin (ended with ine)

Question 9

High blood pressure symptoms

Answer 9

140/90
Fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, dyspnea

Question 10

Diastolic heart failure

Answer 10

Can’t fill with blood (stiff) main cause is hypertension

Question 11

Systolic heart failure

Answer 11

Can’t pump (weak left ventricle) causes are hypertension, cardiomyopathy, MI

Question 12

CHF

Answer 12

Pink, frothy sputum

Question 13

Natrecor (nesiritide)

Answer 13

Human B-type natriuretic peptide

Question 14

Client has cough, high creatinine level and hyperkalemia. Give ACE?

Answer 14

No, give an ARB (less symptoms) varsatan

Question 15

Why insulin make you gain weight?

Answer 15

Because it’s an anabolic hormone

Question 16

Renal perfusion

Answer 16

Assess for elevated blood urea nitrogen level

Question 17

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 17

Pulmonary embolism

Question 18

BNP above ____ suggests heart failure

Answer 18

100

Question 19

All heart medicines lowers blood pressure except:

Answer 19

Digoxin

Question 20

Spirolactone

Answer 20

Potassium-sparing diuretic for heart failure

Question 21

1 pound a week

Answer 21

3500 calories

Question 22

Prazosin

Answer 22

Alfa blocker and Vasodilator

Question 23

Causes of hyperkalemia

Answer 23

Renal failure
ACE inhibitors
Potassium supplements
Potassium-sparing diuretics
Trauma
Metabolic acidosis

Question 24

Hypokalemia

Answer 24

Diarrhea, diuretics, malabsorption, corticoisteroids

Question 25

Hide symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 25

Beta blockers

Question 26

Ascites

Answer 26

Fluid in peritoneum (right side HF)

Question 27

Secondary to pulmonary problems

Answer 27

Right HF

Question 28

Weight gain Anorexia GI distress Enlarged liver and spleen

Answer 28

Right HF

Question 29

ACE inhibitor is also

Answer 29

Vasodilator

Question 30

Dyslipidemia

Answer 30

Changeable

Question 31

How many min of exercises a day?

Answer 31

30 min