Insulin

Question 1

Sulfonylureas
(Glupizide - glucotrol)
(glimepridr - amaryl)

Answer 1

Stimulate beta cells to secrete insulin
Cause GI upset and hypoglycemia

Question 2

Biguanides (metformin - glucophage, glucovance)

Answer 2

Especially for overweight patients
Works in the liver (decrease glucogeonesis)
No impact on pancreas
Hold if they go for contrast

Question 3

Meglitinides - repaglinide (prandin) & nateglinide (starlix)

Answer 3

Works in pancreas activating beta cells

Question 4

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - miglitol (glyset)

Answer 4

Type 2 DM, as adjunct to diet and sulfonylureas
Works in the GI, blocks breaking down starchy foods

Question 5

Glargine/detemir

Answer 5

Onset 0.8 to 4 hours
Doesn’t have a peak
16-24 hrs

Question 6

NPH

Answer 6

Intermediate acting insulin

Onset 1.5 - 4 hours
Peak 4-12 hours
12-18 hours duration

Question 7

Regular (humolin/novolin)

Answer 7

Short action

Onset 30-60 min
Peak 2-5hours
5-8 hours duration

Question 8

Aspast, lispro, glulisine

Answer 8

Rapid-acting (take it with the meal)
Onset 10-30mi
Peak 30-90 min
3-5 hours duration

Question 9

Insulin sites

Answer 9

Abdomen
Back of the upper arm
Thigh
Upper buttocks

Question 10

Hypoglycemia

Answer 10

<60
Shakiness/palpitations
Nervousness/anxiety
Diaphoresis (sweating)
Hunger
Pallor
Altered mental functioning
Difficult speaking, visual disturbances, stupor, confusion
Untreated hypoglycemia can progress for seizures, coma and death

Question 11

Hyperglycemia

Answer 11

> 130
Increase urination
Increase thirst
Dry skin, mucous membranes
Decrease appetite
Fatigue
Drowsy
Progress to ketoacedosis, kussmaul breathing, loss of orientation and coma

Question 12

If glucose is less than 70

Answer 12

15 g of simple carbohydrates
4 oz to 6 oz of fruit juice
Recheck 15 minutes

Question 13

Criteria diabetes

Answer 13

A1C > 6.5%
Fasting blood glucose 126
2 hour plasma glucose 200

Question 14

Kussmauls respiration

Answer 14

Rapid deep breathing DKA

Question 15

Biguanide

Answer 15

-formin
Metformin (etc)
Inhibitor production of glucose by the liver

Question 16

Continuous subcutaneous insulin

Answer 16

Rapid-acting only

Question 17

40x times stronger than lasyx

Answer 17

Bumex

Question 18

Dash diet how many serving of vegetables
Grains
Meat

Answer 18

4 to 5
6 to 8
> 6

Question 19

Miglitol

Answer 19

Alfa glucose medication