Hematology and Immunology Assessment, Diagnostic Procedures, and Transfusions (Online Lecture) Flashcards
history includes
nutritional history
OTC, herbal, and prescription
why do we want to know about nutritional history
iron, alcoholism (anemia
what are some medications we want to look out for
NSAIDS
ASA/salicylates
corticosteroids
antibiotic
cytotoxic medications
history of tranfusions
NSAIDS and ASA/salicylates increases what
bleeding (esp in GI)
why is history of transfusions important
more exposure = more likely to experience a reaction
what does onset of symptoms tell us
severity
what does CBC tell you
total number of blood cells (Hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets)
what does CBC with Dif tell us
size/shape/morphology
coagulation studies include
PT aPTT INR
when is bone marrow aspiration and biopsy done
done when more detailed information is needed to assess the quality and quantity of each type of cell produced by the bone marrow
what is included in patient preparation for a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy
careful explaaintion
premedication (pain and anxiety)
what to expect with a bone marrow aspiration
pressure
pain (sharp but brief)
complications of bone marrow aspiration
bleeding and infection
what meds should post bone marrow aspiration patient avoid
avoid asa products (increased bleeding)
pre transfusion assessment includes
history of previous transfusions
history of previous reactions
why do we want to know about previous transfusions
multiple transfusions will increase the risk of reactions
if a patient discloses that they have had a previous reaction what should we ask
type
mainifesations
treatment
preventative strategies
what are some preventative strategies we can use
premeditate with benydrll or steroids
how do we prevent febrile reactions
Tylenol and removing WBC from PRBC so the blood will be washed and reduces the risk of reaction
why do we want to know about pregnancy before a transfusion
increase number of pregnancies will increase risk of infection due to fetal circulation exposure
why do we want to know cardiac, vascular, or pulmonary disease state before transfusion
highest risk of FVO
what should our physical assessment pre transfusion look like
baseline VS, HR, RR, Sat, temp, lung sounds, JVD, and edema
skin assesment
what do we look for when doing our pre transfusion skin assessment
observe for petechiae rash
why do we want to observe for petechiae rash before transfusion
make note before to determine if there is a change
what is a complication of transfusion
fluid volume overload
