Henry VII source question Flashcards

(80 cards)

1
Q

See flashcards on

A
Rebellions
Consolidation
FP
Gov
Law and Order
Nobles control
Finance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ways to increase crown finance

A

1) 1486 Acts of Resumption (all land lost before 1455)
2) 138 Acts of Attainders passed (46 revoked)
3) Wardships took land from heirs of dead nobles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many times richer was Henry than richest noble

A

20x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What were Henry’s 4 closest advisors not

A

nobles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many nobles did court of Star Chamber bring to justice for illegal retaining

A

10 (improvement from past monarchs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1504 retaining lisence price

A

£5/man/month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did Hnery limit authority of nobles in Royal Council

A

Only met 5 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who did Hnery place in charge of North and why

A

Early of Surrey

Had no allies/support there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hwo did Henry use marriages to prevent over-mighty subjects

A

Prevented inter-marriage of noble families

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Example of noble fined harshly

A

Lord Beaugeuvanny fined £70,000 howeveer allowed to pay £5,000/year as would bankrupt him
Couldn’t enter land until all paid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How did Henry reward supporters without giving wealth

A

11 Knights of the Garter (patronage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Num of noble families in 1509

A

Only 20-30 due to wardships and attainders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When was Council Learned in Law introduced and why

A

1495

Collect fuedal dues and wardships owed to king as fuedal lord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe his approach to finance

A

Changed from slow and cumbersome Exchequer after 1487 to chamber system. More personal approach to finance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Number of royal councillors under Hnery VII

A

227

But 7-24 regular attendees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many times parliament meet and for how many weeks did it sit

A

7 times

72 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many JPs/ region or locality

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Henry vII annual income

A

£113,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Income from wardships increase in reign

A

£350 in 1485

£6,000 in 1509

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What percentage of revenue went through Chamber system

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

By how much did land revenue increase under Henry VII

A

45%

Rose to £42,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Who headed CLIthelaw

A

Empson and Dudley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

By how much did 1507 book of rates increas income

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Council learned in law income 1504-1508

A

£30,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Example of Bonds vs nobles
Earl of Westmorland fined £10,000 after Bosworth
26
Income from knighthood of Arthur from parliament in 1504
£30,000
27
Custom duties rise under Hnery VII
£33,000 - £40,000
28
What was Henry the first English monarch to avoid
1st English monarch not to be surrounded by barons whose united wealth and power were greater than his own. Avoid over-mighty subjects
29
How many of Henry's councillors had served Ed IV
1/2
30
Who controlled Council of North before Surrey
great boarder families of Percy, Neville Scrope and Dacre who ruled like independent princes with their own forces and with aristocratic authority
31
Example of Henry cutting short expensive endeavour in France ton assert claim in favour of finance
1492 Treaty of Etaples | £159,000 French pension favoured over conflict
32
Examples of increasing reputation and privilege abroad
1489 marriage allaince of Arthur and COA Medina del Campo
33
When did Arthur and COA marry
1501
34
How many of the attainders were passed 1504-09 and what does this suggest about later period of reign
51 | Suggests paranoia and insecurity vs nobles at end of reign
35
Example of paying for reversal of an attainder
Sir Thomas Tyrell : £1,738
36
Policy on vacant lands
Absorbed into crowns land
37
How did Henry use class of people he hired
Hired lower class and not nobles so were reliant upon him for their status and wealth.
38
Who else had used Chamber system of finance
Ed VI
39
Court of Audit purpose
Monitor gov spending
40
Examples of use of loans and benevolences
1491: £48,000 was raised for war in Brittany, of which £9000 was contributed by city of London
41
Example of Simony to raise crown finance
Sold offices eg raised £300 for post of Archdeacon of Buckingham
42
What did Parliament grant Henry for life
tonnage and poundage
43
When was Arthur born and when did he die
Sept 1489 | 1502
44
What does Lovell rising show about Henry's position
Secure as crushed rebels and captured and executed Humphrey Stafford Lack of enthusiasm in area of Yorkist support in Midlands and Rich III's heartlands of support in the North Riding of Yorkshire
45
How was Henry able to disprove Simnel's Yorkist claims
Parading Earl of Warwick from Tower around London
46
Who did Warbeck claim to be
Richard, Duke of York
47
What did execution of Earl of Warwick in 1499 do
Ridded Henry of most obvious potential Yorkist claimant to throne
48
How much did Henry receive from extraordinary taxation
over £400,000
49
3 types of councillors
1) Nobles eg Lord Daubeney and Dynham 2) Churchmen like John Morton and Richard Fox (often had legal training and excellent administrators) 3) Laymen (gentry or lawyers) skilled administators eg Dudley and Sir Reginald Bray
50
Who does historian David Loades argue was Hnery's most influential advisor
His mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort
51
Who made up the Great Council
Lords met without Commons | Occassional rarther than a permanent body
52
Who first led Learned in Law
Sir Reginald Bray
53
How does modern historian John Guy describe this body
a 'specialist board'
54
Was Learned in Law a court of law
Was not recognised as a court of law and those who appeared before it had no chance to appeal
55
What does historian Thomas Penn argue Council Learned in Law caused
Fear, frustration and anger as it bypassed normal legal system
56
By which foreign courts was Henry's court inspired
Burgundy and France
57
Describe medieval monarchy
Personal so political power and influence of an individual depended more on relationship with monarch not specific offices held. Therefore, access to king was main way to enhance power.
58
How many parliaments in last 14 years
Met twice after 1495
59
Income from First Fruits and Tenths 1487-97
£203,000 in total
60
Historian Paul Cavill's view on parliament
Operated effectively on a whole. King respected its decisions and number of private acts passed in response to local demands for improvements
61
Who controlled northwest as magnate and who controlled northeast and yorkshire
the Stanleys | Earl of Northumberland
62
How did Henry ensure compliance/lack of power of noble magnates
In much of rest of country relied on nobles that he didn't trust eg Earl of Oxford and Lord Deubeney but they lacked the resources of greater magnates. Alos created a spy network to report on magnate performance and imposition of bonds and recognizances
63
By how much dud income from rents rise under Henry VII
£12,000 at start if reign rose to £42,000
64
What was use of 1489 Statue of Uses law
Prevented landed property from being turned into trusts to aviod taxation
65
Rebellion provoked by tax
1489 Yorkshire and 1497 Cornwall
66
How much finance was left by Henry's solvent crown. How did compare to Beacon's estimate
£300,000 of plate and jewels £10,000 cash Far lower than Beacon's estimate of £1.8 million
67
See historiogprahy
See historiogprahy
68
Min aim of Henry's FP
Secure his dynasty and favoured finance over costly wars.
69
FP success or failure
Failure with French aquisition of Brittany and ultimate failure of Spanish alliance Success with his priorities as by mid 1490s all European powers abandoned support for Yorkist pretenders and Eng never faced an active alliance of hostile powers. Eng not powerful enough to wage war and could affrod to be bystander in H-V conflict/Italian Wars thereofre exclusion from League of Cambra not disastrous sinace all members preocupued in Italy.
70
Role of court of requests
Handled cases brought forward by poorer people, who previosly had no chance of justice
71
Impact of money being through chamber (80% of finance by end of reign)
Money immediately available for royal use and the Jewel House, in Tower of London effectively became a kind of crude royal bank where financial reserves stored.
72
How is Henry's personal approach to fianance shown before and after 1503
Before 1503: Every entry of a receipt was initialled by him | After 1503: Every page
73
Comaper Henry annual income to Ed IV
Ed IV £65,000 | Hen £103,000
74
Was Hnery's fiancial approach a revolution
NO No new revenue sources, but Learned etc managed existing more effectively, Chamber system was same as Ed IV and Chamber system was crude.
75
How much was he able to loan to Habsburg
£300,000 | suggesting a financial powerhouse in Europe and secure
76
How many families in English peerage and how many placed under bond to Henry at some point
62 | 36
77
Cause of Bearguvenny £70,000 fine
Illegal retaining
78
How many inhabitants for every paid official in Eng vs France
Eng: 1/4000 France: 1/400
79
How did Henry govern provinces/ localities
Reliant on aristocratic families eg Percy, Stanley
80
How was Wales governed
Council under Prince Arthur