Hepatitis

Question 1

Exception - can cause chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised and pregnant women

Answer 1

Hep E

Question 2

Can cause chronic hepatitis

Answer 2

Consonants - B, C, D

Question 3

Transmitted by blood, birthing, bonking

Answer 3

Hep B

Question 4

Only virus that is more often chronic than not, usually never acute

Answer 4

Hep C

Question 5

Icteric

Answer 5

Jaundice

Question 6

2 wks post exposure

Answer 6

Pre-interic (pre-jaundice)

Question 7

1-2 wks after prodrome, and can last up to 6 wks

Answer 7

Icteric phase (jaundice)

Question 8

Diminishing jaundice. 6-8 wks post exposure

Answer 8

Convalescence

Question 9

Most infectious time w/ hepatitis

Answer 9

Last asymptomatic day of incubation period

Question 10

Symptomatic, biochemical, or serological evidence of continuing or relapsing disease for > 6 months

Answer 10

Chronic viral hepatitis

Question 11

Harbors organism w/o signs or sxs. Reservoirs for future infections

Answer 11

Carrier state

Question 12

Hepatic iris. Small, non-enveloped + ss RNA

Answer 12

Hep A

Question 13

Endemic in countries with poor sanitation

Answer 13

Hep A

Question 14

In developed countries > better SES and hygiene > no herd immunity > older age group infected > more symptomatic and severe

Answer 14

Hep A

Question 15

Rises with decline of IgM after months

Answer 15

IgG

Question 16

Persists and gives lifelong immunity against reinfection of all strains of Hep A

Answer 16

IgG

Question 17

Need to exclude drug-induced hepatitis (acetaminophen OD)

Answer 17

Hep A

Question 18

Liver biopsy is not needed with

Answer 18

Hep A

Question 19

No chronic or carrier state. Rarely relapses

Answer 19

Hep A

Question 20

Hepadnavirus. 42 nm, spherical. Double shelled.

Answer 20

Hep B

Question 21

Very resistant to extreme humidity, survives even in mummy remains

Answer 21

Hep B

Question 22

Partially ds circular DNA

Answer 22

Hep B

Question 23

Mode of transmission depends on geographical area

Answer 23

Hep B

Question 24

Childbirth/vertical transmission of Hep B

Answer 24

High prevalence regions

Question 25

Horizontal transmission Hep B

Answer 25

Intermediate prevalence regions

Question 26

Sexual/IV drug transmission Hep B

Answer 26

Low prevalence regions

Question 27

Although there is a small chance, it can progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 27

Hep B

Question 28

Age at time of infection predicts chronic its. Younger > more likely to become chronic

Answer 28

Hep B

Question 29

Complete cure hard to achieve in chronic cases b/c virus inserts itself into host DNA. Host can't mount an effective response via antibodies and the virus persists

Answer 29

Hep B

Question 30

Innate immune response (NK cells, IFN) protect individual

Answer 30

Early stage

Question 31

__________ if CD4 and CD8 produce IFN-gamma and clear infected cells

Answer 31

Resolution

Question 32

Flavivirus. Small, ss RNA

Answer 32

Hep C

Question 33

RNA codes for one polyprotein that is processed into functional proteins

Answer 33

Hep C

Question 34

RNA Pol has poor fidelity in copying > many genotypes and subtypes (even in same person - quasispecies)

Answer 34

Hep C

Question 35

Decrease in annual incidence due to a decrease in transfusion-associated infection

Answer 35

Hep C

Question 36

Biggest risk factors are IV drugs and multiple sexual partners

Answer 36

Hep C

Question 37

Risk factors also include a needle stick and working in medical/dental fields

Answer 37

Hep C

Question 38

Needle stick has a higher risk for ______ than HIV

Answer 38

Hep C

Question 39

Perinatal infection is usually

Answer 39

Hep B

Question 40

RNA remains in blood no trasaminases remain elevated (may increase or decrease, but never normalize)

Answer 40

Hep C

Question 41

IL28B encodes

Answer 41

IF-lambda

Question 42

Absolute requirement for infection with Hep B

Answer 42

Hep D

Question 43

Produces delta antigen

Answer 43

Hep D

Question 44

Very small, ss RNA

Answer 44

Hep D

Question 45

Uses host's RNA Pol to replicate through RNA-directed RNA synthesis

Answer 45

Hep D

Question 46

Epidemics in Asia, Africa, ME, China, and Mexico

Answer 46

Hep E

Question 47

Sporadic in India

Answer 47

Hep E

Question 48

Found on pig farms in the developed world

Answer 48

Hep E

Question 49

High mortality rate in pregnant women

Answer 49

Hep E

Question 50

Unenveloped ss + RNA. Hepevirus (4 genotypes)

Answer 50

Hep E

Question 51

Virions shed during acute illness

Answer 51

Hep E

Question 52

Common in developing countries

Answer 52

Hep A

Question 53

Shed in feces before symptoms

Answer 53

Hep A

Question 54

In Canada, Greenland

Answer 54

Hep B

Question 55

Usually in USA

Answer 55

Hep C

Question 56

Only cause acute hepatitis. Never cause chronic hepatitis

Answer 56

Vowels - Hep A and E