High line TT and AHD

Question 1

What is high point redirection (HD)?

Answer 1

HDs change the LRL’s path from along the ground and over an edge to move through a high point.

Question 2

Name the three classes of high point redirection.

Answer 2

• Structural high direction (SHD)
• Natural high direction (NHD)
• Artificial high direction (AHD)

Question 3

What does AHD stand for?

Answer 3

Artificial high direction

Question 4

What is the function of AHD?

Answer 4

AHD uses portable constructed items to create a high-point redirection.

Question 5

How is force measured in the context of high point redirection?

Answer 5

Force is measured in newtons (N), where 10 N is roughly equivalent to 1 kg.

Question 6

What is the equivalent of 1 kilonewton (kN) in kilograms?

Answer 6

1 kN is about 100 kg.

Question 7

What are the three components associated with force in vertical rescue?

Answer 7

• Weight applied to the load
• Tension of the line
• Impact on anchors

Question 8

What is the resultant force?

Answer 8

The resultant force is the sum of two or more individual forces.

Question 9

What is the resultant angle in high point redirection?

Answer 9

The resultant angle is the dissected angle of the line going through the change of direction.

Question 10

What can happen if the resultant angle moves outside the AHD’s footprint?

Answer 10

The opposite side of the AHD legs will become weightless, and the AHD will flip.

Question 11

What is guying in the context of AHD?

Answer 11

Guying extends the footprint of the AHD by connecting extra lines to the AHD frame and anchoring them.

Question 12

What is the ideal angle for guying in relation to the frame plane?

Answer 12

The angle should be ideally 45° or greater and no less than 30°.

Question 13

List two safety tips for AHD setup.

Answer 13

• Secure AHD before moving it to the edge
• Only build it as high as necessary; lower is better.

Question 14

What is the Arizona Vortex used for?

Answer 14

The Arizona Vortex can be used in numerous configurations for rescue operations.

Question 15

What is a tripod configuration used for?

Answer 15

A tripod is primarily used for access into manholes.

Question 16

What is an easel A-frame?

Answer 16

An easel A-frame provides a large footprint and can be set up without guying.

Question 17

What are deviations in rescue operations?

Answer 17

Deviations move the rescue load’s line of fall by controlling its vertical and horizontal position.

Question 18

What is an offset system?

Answer 18

Offsets control a load moving between two high points a great distance apart using two individual belay lines.

Question 19

What is deflection in the context of rescue operations?

Answer 19

Deflection positions the main and safety line away from an obstruction using a pulley.

Question 20

What is a tag line?

Answer 20

A tag line is a method used to position the rescue load away from an obstruction with a hand line.

Question 21

What is the high line also known as?

Answer 21

The high line is also known as a Tyrolean traverse.

Question 22

What are the main parts of a high line construction?

Answer 22

• Span lines
• Control line for horizontal movement
• Main and safety lines for vertical movement
• The rescue load

Question 23

What is the purpose of the control line in a high line system?

Answer 23

The control line is used for lateral movement.

Question 24

How many Petzl Maestros are required for span lines in a high line system?

Answer 24

Two Petzl Maestros for span lines.

Question 25

What is the purpose of a safety line in high line rigging?

Answer 25

The safety line is used for safety during vertical movement.

Question 26

What is the first component to be constructed in a High Line rescue system?

Answer 26

The span line ## Footnote The span line is the main tensioned span line between two bomber anchors.

Question 27

What are the two sides called in the High Line?

Answer 27

* Weak side * Strong side ## Footnote The weak side has the least number of technicians, while the strong side has the greatest number operating the system.

Question 28

What is the ideal material for a span line?

Answer 28

HTP ## Footnote HTP should never be mixed with nylon rope; all or none should be used.

Question 29

What is the purpose of the LRL in a High Line rescue system?

Answer 29

To cover the distance between two anchors and allow locking off the device ## Footnote The LRL also facilitates reeving at the weak side anchor.

Question 30

What is a 3 to 1 z-rig MA used for?

Answer 30

Tensioning the span line ## Footnote This method ensures adequate tension and prevents over-tensioning of the span line.

Question 31

What should be considered when setting up a control line?

Answer 31

* Belay device * Line length * System strength ## Footnote The control line allows movement of the Kootenay along the span line.

Question 32

How much longer should the control line be than the distance between anchors when using two lines?

Answer 32

At least 10m longer ## Footnote This extra length allows for knots, reeving, and tail-out of the belay device.

Question 33

What is the primary function of the control line in a High Line rescue system?

Answer 33

To catch the rescue load if the span line fails ## Footnote It should be connected using bomber anchors for strength.

Question 34

What are the three ways to set up the Tyrolean traverse for vertical movement?

Answer 34

* Main and safety redirect - no MA * Norwegian reeve - 2:1 MA * English reeve - 2:1 MA ## Footnote Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Question 35

What is the advantage of the main and safety redirect - no MA system?

Answer 35

Minimal line required ## Footnote This setup only needs enough line to move the rescue load along the span line.

Question 36

What is a disadvantage of the Norwegian reeve - 2:1 MA system?

Answer 36

Uses more line than the main and safety redirect system ## Footnote It also requires the weak side to overcome line friction.

Question 37

What does the English reeve - 2:1 MA system not require the weak side to do?

Answer 37

Overcome line friction when hauling ## Footnote The Kootenay can travel through the English reeve without needing to control the height of the rescue load.

Question 38

What is the most efficient way to connect the rescue load to the main and safety line?

Answer 38

Use a double long-tail bowline reeved through the bridle’s O-ring ## Footnote Alternatively, two alpine butterflies can also be used.

Question 39

What knot should be used when connecting the rescue load for Norwegian and English reeve systems?

Answer 39

A single long-tail bowline ## Footnote This knot should be reeved through the O-ring of the bridle.

Question 40

What are the two possible rescue load systems for a high-line rescue?

Answer 40

* Rescue load system for main and safety line redirect * Rescue load for Norwegian and English reeve ## Footnote Each has its advantages and disadvantages.