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Anatomy Exam 3 > Hip, Ant. Med. Thigh > Flashcards

Hip, Ant. Med. Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

HIP JOINT

A

HIP JOINT

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2
Q

The femur articulates with the ________ proximal to form the hip joint; and with the _______ distally to form the knee joint.

A
  • acetabulum

- tibia

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3
Q

What are the parts of the femur?

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Greater trochanter
  • Lesser trochanter
  • Intertrochanteric line
  • Linea Aspira
    • pectineal line
    • gluteal tuberosity
  • Medial and Lateral supracondylar ridge
  • Medial and Later epicondyle
  • Medial and lateral condyle
  • Intercondylar fossa
  • Adductor tubercle
  • Patellar surface
  • Angles
    • angle of inclination
    • angle of torsion
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4
Q

The head of the femur and the _______ form the hip joint.

A

-acetabulum

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5
Q

The greater trochanter attaches what muscles?

A

-abductors and lateral rotators

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6
Q

The lesser trochanter is the attachment for what muscle?

A

-iliopsoas muscle

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7
Q

The intertrochanteric line is the attachment for what ligament?

A

-iliofemoral ligament

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8
Q

The linea aspira is the ridge on the posterior ______ and is the attachment for the _________

A
  • femur

- adductors

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9
Q
  • The linea aspira also includes the ________ line and the ________ tuberosity.
  • The pectineal line runs from the linea aspira to the ______ ________
  • The gluteal tuberosity runs from the linea aspira to the ________ __________
A
  • pectineal line, gluteal tuberosity
  • lesser trochanter
  • greater trochanter
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10
Q

The medial and lateral supracondylar ridge runs from the ____ _______ to medial and lateral __________

A
  • linea aspira

- medial and lateral epicondyles

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11
Q

The angle of inclination is the angle between the ____ and _____ of the femur, results in distal femur moving _______ to more effeciently support body weight when standing.

A
  • neck and shaft

- medially

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12
Q

The angle of torsion is the angle between the transverse axis of femoral ____/_____ and _______ _______, results in enhanced mobility of _____ and _____ joints.

A
  • head/neck and femoral condyles

- hip and knee joints

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13
Q
  • The q-angle is the angle between the _____ of the femur and the ______ of the tibia.
  • What does this determine?
A
  • shaft (or ASIS), shaft
  • determines valgus and varus at knee joint
    • valgus- knock knees
    • varus-bow legged
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14
Q

The articulation at the hip joint is formed by the ____ of the femur into the _________

A
  • head

- acetabulum

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15
Q

The acetabulum is large and deep due to:

  • high ___
  • cartilage _______- the opening inferiorly is filled by the _______ _________ ligament
  • ______ cartilage- open
  • _________ ___________ ligament filling in acetabular notch
A
  • rim
  • labrum, transverse acetabular ligament
  • lunate
  • transverse acetabular ligament
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16
Q

Unlike the shoulder, a significant portion (/) of femur head is located in the acetabulum

A

-1/2

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17
Q
  • The hip joint type is a synovial _____ __ _______

- It is the ______ most mobile joint in the body; sacrifice some mobility for stability

A
  • ball in socket

- second

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18
Q
  • The hip has a _____ joint capsule
  • spiral fiber pattern= ________
    • hip will tighten when extend to ________ stability but limit __________
    • hip will ______ when flexed to increase mobility
A
  • strong
  • Windlass
  • increase, hyperextension
  • loosen
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19
Q

What are the 4 ligaments associated with the hip joint?

A
  • iliofemoral
  • pubofemoral
  • ischiofemoral
  • ligament of head of femur
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20
Q
  • The iliofemoral ligament goes from the ______ ________ _____ _____ to the ____________ _____ of the femur.
  • The iliofemoral ligament limits the natural tendency of gravity to ___________ at the hip joint to facilitate standing.
A
  • anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), intertrochanteric line
  • hyperextend
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21
Q

-The pubofemoral ligament is a thickening of the joint capsule ______ and ______ which limits ______ and _________ at the hip.

A
  • anterior and inferior

- abduction and external rotation

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22
Q

The ischiofemoral ligament is a thickening of the joint capsule _______ to limit _____________.

A
  • posterior

- internal rotation

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23
Q

The ligament of head of femur is not a true ligament but a _______ _______. It carries the ________ artery to the _____ of the femur.

A
  • vascular sheath

- obturator, head

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24
Q

What are the movements of the hip joint?

A
  • flex/extend/hyperextend
  • abduction/adduction
  • medial/lateral rotation
  • circumduction
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25
Q

What is the bursa associated with the hip joint?

A

obturator internus bursa

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26
Q

ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES

A

ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES

27
Q

What are the 4 main muscles of the anterior thigh?

A
  • Pectineus
  • Iliopsoas
  • Sartorius
  • Quadriceps femoris
28
Q

The iliopsoas is divided into what 2 muscles?

A
  • Iliacus

- Psoas major

29
Q

The quadriceps femoris is divided into what 4 muscles?

A
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius
30
Q

Pectineus:
-Attachment
-The pectineus goes from the ___________ of the pubic bone to the ____________ of the femur.
-Innervation
-The pectineus muscle is ______ innervated by the _________ and _________ nerves
-Action
What actions does the pectineus muscle perform?

A
  • superior ramus, pectineal line
  • dually innervated by the femoral and obturator nerves
  • flex, adduct, internally rotate femur at hip joint
31
Q

Iliopsoas: (2 muscle parts)
Iliacus
-Attachment
-The iliacus goes from the _______ to the ________
-Innervation
-The iliacus is innervated by the __________
-Action
-The iliacus acts to _____ the femur at the hip

Psoas major

  • Attachment
    • The psoas major goes from the ________ and __________ vertebral _________ and ___________ to the ____________ of the femur
  • Innervation
    • The psoas major is innervated by the ____________
  • Action
    • The psoas major acts to _____ the femur at the hip

The Iliopsoas is ________ innervated

A

Iliacus

  • iliac fossa, lesser trochanter of the femur
  • femoral nerve
  • flex

Psoas major

  • lower thoracic and upper lumbar bodies and transverse processes, lesser trochanter
  • lumbar plexus
  • flex

dually

32
Q

Sartorius:

  • Attachment
    • The sartorius goes from the _____ to the proximal ______ ________ _____= ____ _______
  • Innervation
    • The sartorius is innervated by the _________ nerve
  • Action
    • The sartorius does what actions at the hip?
    • The sartorius does what actions at the knee?

-What joint does the sartorius act on?

A
  • ASIS, medial posterior tibia = pes anserinus
  • femoral
  • flex, external rotation, abduction
  • flex

-knee and hip

33
Q

Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles)
Rectus femoris
-Attachment
-The rectus femoris goes from the ______ to the ________
-Innervation
-The rectus femoris is innervated by the _________
-Action
-The rectus femoris does what at the hip?
-The rectus femoris does what at the knee?

-What joint does the rectus femoris act on?

A

Rectus femoris

  • AIIS, quadriceps tendon
  • femoral nerve
  • flex the femur
  • extend the tibia

-hip and knee

34
Q

Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles)
Vastus lateralis
-Attachment
-The vastus lateralis goes from the _____ to the _____________
-Innervation
-The vastus lateralis is innervated by the ________
-Action
-The vastus lateralis does what at the knee?

What part of the vastus lateralis helps to stabilize the knee by keeping the patella centered over the knee joint?

A
  • femur, quadriceps tendon
  • femoral nerve
  • extend

vastus lateralis oblique = lateral retinaculum

35
Q

Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles)
Vastus medialis
-Attachment
-The vastus medialis goes from the ______ to the ____________
-Innervation
-The vastus medialis is innervated by the _________
-Action
-The vastus medialis does what at the knee?

-What part of the vastus medialis helps to stabilize the knee by keeping the patella centered over the knee joint?

A
  • femur, quadriceps tendon
  • femoral nerve
  • extend

-vastus medialis oblique = medial retinaculum

36
Q

Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles)
Vastus intermedius
-Attachment
-The vastus intermedius goes from the ______ to the ____________
-Innervation
-The vastus intermedius is innervated by the _______
-Action
-The vastus intermedius does what at the knee?

-What part of the vastus intermedius elevates the patellar bursa when leg is extending at knee?

A
  • femur, quadriceps tendon
  • femoral nerve
  • extend

-articularis genu

37
Q

Force chains:

A

F chains

38
Q

MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES

A

MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES

39
Q

What are the 5 medial thigh muscles?

A
  • Adductor longus
  • Adductor brevis
  • Adductor magnus
    • hamstring part (posterior)
    • adductor part (anterior)
  • Gracilis
  • Obturator externus
40
Q

Adductor longus

  • Attachment
    • The adductor longus goes from the _______ to the __________
  • Innervation
    • The adductor longus is innervated by the ________
  • Action
    • What does the adductor longus do at the hip?
A
  • body of pubis, linea aspira of the femur
  • obturator nerve
  • adduct, flex, medial rotate femur
41
Q

Adductor brevis

  • Attachment
    • The adductor brevis goes from the ______ to the __________
  • Innervation
    • The adductor brevis is innervated by the _________
  • Action
    • What does the adductor brevis do at the hip?
A
  • inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspira of femur
  • obturator nerve
  • adduct, flex, medial rotate femur
42
Q

Adductor magnus: (2 muscle parts)
Hamstring part (posterior)
-Attachment
-The hamstring part goes from the __________ to the ____________
-Innervation
-The hamstring part is innervated by the __________
-Action
-What does the hamstring part of the adductor magnus do at the hip?

Adductor part (anterior)

  • Attachment
    • The adductor part goes from the ___________ to the ________________
  • Innervation
    • The adductor part is innervated by the _________
  • Action
    • What does the adductor part of the adductor magnus do at the hip?

The adductor magnus is _____ innervated.

A

Hamstring part (posterior)

  • ischial tuberosity of ischium, adductor tubercle
  • tibial nerve (L4)
  • extend femur

Adductor part (anterior)

  • inferior ramus of pubis, femur/linea aspira/medial supracondylar ridge
  • obturator nerve
  • adduct, flex, medial rotate femur

-dual

43
Q

The _________ is formed between the distal attachemnts of the ________ and ________ parts. It allows passage of the ________ and ________ from the anterior thigh to the posterior thigh.

A
  • adductor hiatus
  • hamstring,adductor
  • femoral artery and vein
44
Q

Gracilis

  • Attachment
    • The gracilis goes from the _______ to the ________________
  • Innervation
    • The gracilis is innervated by the ________
  • Action
    • What does the gracilis do at the hip?
    • What does the gracilis do at the knee?
A
  • body of pubis, proximal medial and posterior tibia = pes anserinus
  • obturator nerve
  • adduct, flex, and medial rotate femur
  • flex
45
Q

Obturator externus

  • Attachment
    • The obturator externus goes from the _________ to the ____________
  • Innervation
    • The obturator externus is innervated by the _______
  • Action
    • What does the obturator externus do at the hip?
A
  • external surface obturator membrane, greater trochanter
  • obturator nerve
  • external rotation, abduction of the femur
46
Q

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

A

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

47
Q

Boundaries of the femoral triangle:

  • Superior:_______ _______ running from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle
  • Medially: lateral border of ______ _______ ______
  • Lateral/inferior: superior border of the ___________
  • Floor: ______ and _________ muscles
  • Roof: skin and fascia of _____

-Retroinguinal space: The space between ________ ligament and hip bone that allows for passage of _______ and ______ vessels, as well as nerves from the pelvic cavity to the leg

A
  • inguinal ligament
  • adductor longus muscle
  • sartorius muscle
  • iliopsoas and pectineus
  • thigh
  • inguinal
  • blood and lymph
48
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A
  • Femoral nerve
  • Femoral artery and vein
  • Inguinal lymph nodes
49
Q

The contents of the femoral triangle enter the inferior angle of the triangle which is called what?

A

-femoral canal = adductor canal

50
Q

ADDUCTOR (FEMORAL) CANAL

A

ADDUCTOR (FEMORAL) CANAL

51
Q

Borders of the adductor (femoral) canal:

  • Lateral: ____________
  • Medial: _______ _______ and ________
  • Roof: ______

-The adductor canal originates in the apex of the __________
-It terminates at the ____________
The adductor contains the _________ _______ and _____ as well as the _________ nerve (cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve)

A
  • vastus medialis
  • adductor longus and magnus
  • sartorius
  • femoral triangle
  • adductor hiatus
  • femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve
52
Q

ARTERIES OF THE THIGH

A

ARTERIES OF THE THIGH

53
Q

-The femoral artery runs from the ________ _______ artery at the inguinal ligament to ________ ______ where it becomes the ________ ______.

Overall:
______→_______→________→________

A
  • external iliac artery
  • adductor hiatus
  • popliteal artery

-aorta→right and left common iliac→external iliac→femoral

54
Q

The deep femoral artery is a branch that feeds the muscles of the ______ and _________ thigh and femur.

A

-medial and posterior

55
Q

The obturator artery is a branch of the _______ _____ artery to the muscles of the ______ and ________ thigh

Overall:
______→_________→________→________

A
  • internal iliac
  • medial and posterior

-aorta→right and left common iliac→internal iliac→superior and inferior gluteal + obturator artery

56
Q

VEINS OF THE THIGH

A

VEINS OF THE THIGH

57
Q

Femoral vein:
Overall
_______→___________→_________→________

-The deep vein drains into _________

A
  • femoral→external iliac→common iliac→inferior vena cava

- femoral vein

58
Q

Surface veins:
-The ______ _______ vein joins the femoral to form the ______ ________ vein

-lateral cutaneous vein

A
  • great saphenous

- external iliac vein

59
Q

NERVES

A

NERVES

60
Q

The femoral nerve originates in the ________ division of ventral rami ___-___ of the ________ plexus.

A
  • posterior
  • L2-L4
  • lumbosacral
61
Q

The femoral nerve exits the lumbar plexus and goes through the ______ muscle, it then crosses through the retroinguinal space and into the femoral triangle where it divides into branches to the _________. The terminal sensory branch of the femoral nerve is the _________ nerve. This nerve exits the femoral triangle with the femoral artery and vein and descends the thigh in the ___________. The saphenous innervates the _______/______ skin of the lower leg.

A
  • iliopsoas
  • anterior thigh
  • saphenous
  • adductor canal
  • anterior/medial
62
Q

The obturator nerve originates in the ______ division of ventral rami ___-___ of the _______ plexus.

A
  • anterior
  • L2-L4
  • lumbosacral
63
Q

The obturator nerve exits the lumbar plexus and runs down through the _____________ via the ____________ and innervates the adductor muscles of the medial thigh.

A
  • obturator membrane

- obturator canal

Anatomy Exam 3 (6 decks)

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