hip exam

Question 1

what clinical signs to look for in a hip exam

Answer 1

body habitus, scars, wasting of muscles

Question 2

what objects to look for in a hip exam

Answer 2

walking aids and prescription charts

Question 3

anterior inspection of the hips

Answer 3

scars, bruising, swelling, quadriceps wasting, leg length discrepinancy, pelvic tilt

Question 4

unilateral swelling of the hip may indicate

Answer 4

effusion, inflammatory athroplathy and septic arthritis

Question 5

leg length discrepancy can be du eto

Answer 5

fracture, degenrative joint disease, surgical removal of bone, trauma to epiphyseal end plate prior to skeletal maturity

Question 6

pelvic tilt can be due to

Answer 6

lateral pelvic tilt caised by scoliosis, leg length discrepancy or hip abductor weakness

Question 7

lateral inspection of the legs can reveal

Answer 7

fixed flexion

Question 8

what can a fixed flexion diformity suggest the presence of

Answer 8

contractires secondary to previous trauma , infammatory conditins and neurological disease

Question 9

posterior inspection of the hips

Answer 9

scars and muscle wasting

Question 10

after looking at the hips and legs what should you do next in a hip exam

Answer 10

ask the patient to walk

Question 11

what is important to asses to indicate abnormal gait

Answer 11

soles of the patients shoes

Question 12

trendelenburgs gate due to

Answer 12

superior gluteral nerve lesion or L5 radiculopathy

Question 13

waddling gait due to

Answer 13

muscular dystrphy

Question 14

what to do in a hip exam after asking the patient to walk

Answer 14

ask them to lie on the bed and inspect once more

Question 15

what to do after the patient is lying down in a hip exam

Answer 15

feel temperature of the hip joints

Question 16

what can increased temperature of a joint indicate

Answer 16

septic or inflammatory arthritis

Question 17

what to do after feeling temperature of hips in a hip exam

Answer 17

palpate the greater trochanter

Question 18

what can tenderness of the greater trochanter mean

Answer 18

trochanteric bursitis

Question 19

what to do after palpating the greater trochater of in a hip exam

Answer 19

measure apparent and true leg length

Question 20

what is apparent leg length

Answer 20

from belly button to medial malleolsu

Question 21

what is true leg length

Answer 21

measure from ASIS to medial malleolus

Question 22

what leg should you move first

Answer 22

the normal leg

Question 23

what to do after measuring leg length in a hip exam

Answer 23

place hand under lumbar spine and ask patient to bring knee to the chest

Question 24

what is the normal range of motion for active hip flexion

Answer 24

120

Question 25

what to do in a hip exam after active hip flexion

Answer 25

ask the patient to straighten their leg out so that its flat on the bed

Question 26

what to do after the hip flexion in a hip exam

Answer 26

perform passive hip flexion

Question 27

how to perform passive hip flexion

Answer 27

flex the patients leg flex the hip as far as you able making sure to observe for signs of discomfort

Question 28

what to do after passive hip flexion

Answer 28

passive internal rotation

Question 29

normal range for passive hip flexion

Answer 29

120

Question 30

what to do in passive internal rotation of hip

Answer 30

flex the patients hip and knee joint to 90 degrees and then rotate the foot laterally

Question 31

normal range of movement for passive internal rotation of hip

Answer 31

40

Question 32

what to do after passive infernal rotation in a hip exam

Answer 32

external rotation

Question 33

what to do in passive external rotation of hip

Answer 33

flex the hip and knee to 90 degrees then rotate the foot medially

Question 34

normal range for passive external rotation of the hip

Answer 34

45

Question 35

what to do after passive hip external rotation

Answer 35

passive hip abduction

Question 36

how to perform passive hip abduction

Answer 36

with the patients legs straight and flat on the bed use one hand to hold the ankle and one on the opposite iliac crest and move the ankle laterally

Question 37

normal range of movement for passive hip abduction

Answer 37

45

Question 38

what to do after passive hip abduction

Answer 38

passive hip adduction

Question 39

normal range of movement for passive hip adduction

Answer 39

30 degrees

Question 40

what to do after passive hip adduction

Answer 40

passive hip extension

Question 41

how to perform passive hip extension

Answer 41

ask patient to lie on their tummy, use one hand to hold the ankle of the leg being assessed and the other hand on the pelvis and life up the leg

Question 42

normal range of movement in passive hip extension

Answer 42

10-20

Question 43

what is Thomas's test used for

Answer 43

fixed flexion deformity

Question 44

how to perform Thomas test

Answer 44

place hand below the lumbar spine and passively flex the hip of the unaffected leg as far as you are able to and observe the contralateral limb

Question 45

what is a positive Thomas test

Answer 45

affected thigh raises off the bed suggesting a fixed flexion deformity

Question 46

when not to perform Thomas test

Answer 46

in patients with hip replacements

Question 47

what is trendelenburgs test used for

Answer 47

hip abductor weakness

Question 48

how to perform the trendelenburg test

Answer 48

stand in front of the patient and ask then to place hands on ur forearms for stability ask patient tot and on one leg and look for lateral pelvic tilt