Hip muscles

Question 1

Answer 1

Psoas Major

• O: TP’s L1- L5, Vertebral bodies of T12-L5 & corresponding intervertebral discs
• I: lesser Trochanter of Femur
• A: Flexion & lateral rotation of the hip; Flexion & lateral flexion of spinal joints; anterior pelvic tilt
• N: Lumbar plexus Ventral Rami (L1-L3)

Psoas Minor

• O: sides of vertebral bodies T12 & L1, and corresbonding IVD
• I: Pectineal line of pubis
• A: weakly assists in flexion of the trunk or posterior pelvic tilt
• N: lumber plexus L1 - L2

Question 2

Answer 2

Iliacus

• O: inner surface of iliac fossa, ala of the sacrum
• I: lesser trochanter of the femur
• A: flexion & lateral rotaion of hip joint; anterior pelvic tilt
• N: femoral Nerve L2 - L3

Question 3

Answer 3

Gluteus Maximus

• O: Posterior iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx and the sacrotuberous ligament
• I: iliotibial band & gluteal tuberosity of the femur
• A: extend & laterally rotate the hip joint; lower fibers assist in adduction; upper fibers assist in abduction
• N: inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2

Question 4

Answer 4

Gluteus Medius

• O: outer ilium b/w anterior and posterior gluteal lines
• I: greater trochanter of the femur (superior and lateral surface)
• A: abduction of the hip; anterior fibers medially rotate and may assist in flexion of the hip joint; posterior fibers lateral rotation of hip and may assist in extention. also stabilizes pelivs during gait.
• N: superior gluteal nerve L4 - S1

Question 5

Answer 5

Gluteus Minimus

• O: outer surface of the ilium, b/w anterior and inferior gluteal lines
• I: greater trochanter of the femur
• A: abduction of the hip. anterior fibers: medially rotates and may assist in flexion of the hip joint. assists in pelvic stabilization during gait
• N: superior gluteal nerve L4 - S1

Question 6

Answer 6

Piriformis

• O: anterior sacrum, & the sacrotuberous ligament
• I: greater trochanter of the femur (superiomedial surface)
• A: lateral rotaion & horizantal abduction of hip; abduction of hip when thigh is flexed
• N: nerve to piriformis L5 -S2

Question 7

Answer 7

Superior Gemellus

• O: ischial spine (lateral to sacrum)
• I: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
• A: lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of thigh when hip is flexed
• N: nerve to obturator internus L5 - S2

Inferior Gemellus

• O: medial superior part of the ischial tuberosity
• I: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
• A: lateral rotaion of hip; horizontal abduction of thigh when hip is flexed
• N: nerve to obturator internus L5 - S2

Question 8

Answer 8

Obturator Internus

• O: Obturator foramen & obturator membrane (internal/posterior surface of the pelvis)
• I: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
• A: lateral rotation of the hip joint; horizontal abduction of the thigh when hip is flexed
• N: nerve to obtrator internus L5 -S2

Question 9

Answer 9

Obturator Externus

• O: Obturator foramen and obturator membrane (external/ anterior surface)
• I: trochanteric fossa of femur
• A: lateral rotation of hip joint; adductionof thigh
• N: obturator nerve L2 - L4

Question 10

Answer 10

Quadratus Femoris

• O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
• I: intertrochanteric crest of the femur
• A: lateral rotation of hip joint; adduction of thigh
• N: nerve to quadratus femoris L4 -S1