Hip & Pelvis

Question 1

What is the function of the pelvis?

Answer 1

Serves as a based for the trunk and a girdle for the attachment of the lower limbs

Question 2

What does the pelvis consist of?

Answer 2

Four bones:
- two hip bones
- sacrum
- coccyx

Question 3

What does the hip bone consist of?

Answer 3

Ilium, pubis and ischium

Question 4

What do the three bones of the hip join together to form?

Answer 4

The acetabulum, which is a cup shaped socket that receives the head of the femur

Question 5

How do the ilium, pubis and ischium differ between childhood and adulthood?

Answer 5

Separated by cartilage in children and are fused into one bone as adults

Question 6

What are the further divisions of the hip bone?

Answer 6

Iliopubic column and the ilioischial column

Question 7

What are the two columns used to identify in x-rays?

Answer 7

Fractures around the acetabulum

Question 8

What does the ilium consist of?

Answer 8

A body and a broad curved portion called the ala

Question 9

What does the body of the ilium form?

Answer 9

Two-fifths of the acetabulum superiorly

Question 10

How does the ala project?

Answer 10

Superiorly from the body to form the prominence of the hip

Question 11

What are the 3 borders of the ala?

Answer 11

Anterior, posterior and superior

Question 12

What do the anterior and posterior borders present?

Answer 12

Four prominent projections:
- ASIS
- AIIS
- PSIS
- PIIS

Question 13

What is used as an important and frequent reference point in positioning of the hip and pelvis?

Answer 13

ASIS

Question 14

What is the superior margin extending from the ASIS to the PSIS called?

Answer 14

Iliac crest

Question 15

What does the pubis consist of?

Answer 15

A body, superior and inferior ramus

Question 16

What does the body of the pubis form?

Answer 16

One-fifth of the acetabulum

Question 17

What does the ischium consist of?

Answer 17

A body and ischial ramus

Question 18

What does the body of the ischium form?

Answer 18

Two-fifts of the acetabulum posteriorly

Question 19

How does the iscium project?

Answer 19

It projects posteriorly and inferiorly and forms an expanded portion called the ischial tuberosity

Question 20

When seated where does the weight rest?

Answer 20

On the ischial tuberosity

Question 21

What do the rami of the pubis and ischium join to form?

Answer 21

The obterator foramen

Question 22

What is the longest, strongest and heaviest bone in the body?

Answer 22

Femur

Question 23

What does the proximal end of the femur contain?

Answer 23

Head, necks and two large processes called the greater and lesser trochanters

Question 24

Where is the greater trochanter located on the femur?

Answer 24

At the superolateral part of the femoral body

Question 25

Where is the lesser trochanter located on the femur?

Answer 25

At the posteromediual part

Question 26

What are the tree joints of the pelvis and upper femora?

Answer 26

- Hip joint - Pubic symphysis - Sacroiliac

Question 27

What forms the hip joint?

Answer 27

The articulation between the acetabulum and the head of the femur

Question 28

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 28

Synovial ball and socket that permits free movement in all directions

Question 29

What makes up the pubic symphysis?

Answer 29

The pubes of the hip bones articulating with each other at the midline of the body

Question 30

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

Answer 30

Cartilaginous symphysis joint

Question 31

What is the sacroiliac joint made of?

Answer 31

The right and left ilia articulating with the sacrum posteriorly

Question 32

What angle are the SI joints to the MSP?

Answer 32

25-30 degree angle

Question 33

What type of joints are the SI joints?

Answer 33

Synovial irregular gliding joints which limit movement

Question 34

How does the shape of the female pelvis compare to the male pelvis?

Answer 34

Female is wider and shallower Male is narrower and deeper

Question 35

How does the bony structure of the female pelvis compare to a male pelvis?

Answer 35

Female is light and male is heavy

Question 36

How does the inlet of a female pelvis compare to a male?

Answer 36

Female is oval shaped Male is round

Question 37

How does the outlet of a female pelvis compare to a male pelvis?

Answer 37

Female is wide (obtuse) and Male is narrow (acute)

Question 38

How is the pelvis divided?

Answer 38

Into two portions by an oblique plane called the brim (true/false pelvis)

Question 39

What is the region above the brim called?

Answer 39

False or greater pelvis

Question 40

What is the region below the brim called?

Answer 40

True or lesser pelvis

Question 41

When the body is upright or seated, what angle does the brim of the pelvis form?

Answer 41

60 degrees to the horizontal plane

Question 42

What are the bony landmarks used in radography of the hip and pelvis?

Answer 42

- iliac crest - ASIS - pubic symphysis - greater trochanter - ischial tuberosity - tip of coccyx

Question 43

What is the greater trochanter at the same level as?

Answer 43

Midpoint of the hip, coccyx and pubic symphysis

Question 44

When an imaginary line is drawn from the ASIS to the pubic symph, where is the femoral head/neck located?

Answer 44

Head is 1.5 inches distal to the line Neck is 2 inches distal to the midpoint

Question 45

What is the average distance from the ASIS to the superior aspect of the pubic symphysis?

Answer 45

2.5-3.5 inches, with the average being 3"

Question 46

What is the distance from the superior margin of the iliac crest to the ASIS?

Answer 46

Average of 3"

Question 47

What should non trauma projections of the Hip and Pelvis include?

Answer 47

Internal rotation of the hip and proximal femora

Question 48

What should trauma projections of the hip and pelvis include?

Answer 48

Non rotational hip and proximal femur projections