origin of chondroblast
mesenchyme cells
cartilage composition
cells and ECM
cartilage
composition
perichondrium
avascular
cartilage cells
chondroblast
chondocytes
chondroblast
on outside surface of tissue, produce ECM, not completely surrounded by ECM yet
chondrocytes
also produce matrix, also maintain it. on inside of cartilage, completely surrounded by ECM
when do chondroblast turn into chondrocytes
when ECM completely surrounds the cell
what is space called that cells sit inside after surrounded by ECM
lacunae
characteristics of cartilage ECM
- 95% water
- Rich in GAG’s and proteoglycans
- allows for withstanding forces, resilent
dense CT covering most cartilage
perichondrium
perichondrium
contains blood vessels, nerves, chondrogenic cells, type 1 cartilage, important in growth and maintenance of cartilage
chondrogenic cells
found in perichondrium, produce chondroblast
what limits diffusion thus limiting growth in cartilage
avascular
2 mechanisms of growth
appositional growth
interstital growth
appositional growth
growth by additional to existing surface. generation of new chondroblast, adding in addiontal ECM
interstital growth
growth by internal expansion. proliferation of chondrocytes and formation of isogenous groups. have to start producing ECM in between cells which makes tissue grow
isogenous groups
cluster of chondrocytes in lacunae, undergo mitosis
3 types of cartilage
- hyalin
- elastic
- fibrocartilage
hyalin cartilage ECM composition
75% water, proteoglycans, Hyaluaric acid, type 2 collagen!
what is most common cartilage in human body
hyalin cartilage
location of hyalin cartilage
nose, larynx, tracheal cartialge, fetal bone models, articular surfaces
does hyalin have perichondrium
yes
appearance of hyalin cartilage
fresh discect- bluish-white and translucent
matrix is basophilic- can’t see collagen type 2 fibers
shape of chondrocytes compared to chondroblast
cytes are more rounded.
hyalin cartilage is more ____philic
basophilic
perichondrium is more _____philic
eosinphilic
what indicates growing cartilage, newly synthesized cells
isogenous groups
right around isogenous groups stain _____
darker
what is stained lighter around isogenous groups, darker?
interterritorial matrix, territorial matrix.
interterritorial matrix has lots of ______
collagen fibers
territorial ECM richer in what
GAG’s, not as much collagen
what binds to GAG’s to give territorial darker color
hematoxylin
elastic cartilage ECM composition
essentially the same as hyalin cartilage. type 2 cartilage plus elastic fibers.
location of elastic cartilage
auricle, auditory tube, auditory canal, epiglottis
appearance of elastic cartilage newly dissection
yellow in color cuz of elastic cartilage
how to differentiate elastic cartilage
higher ratio of chondroytes to matrix. (ALOT MORE CELLS)
fewer cells per isogenous groups (2-3)
fibrocartilage ECM composition
type 1 collagen
less proteoglycans than other other cartilages.
location of fibrocartilage
intervertebral disc
pubic symphysis
major tendon-bone anchorages
does fibrocartilage have perichondrium
no
appearance of fibrocartilage
tissue intermediates between dense regular connective tissue and hyalin cartilage.
chondrocytes arragned in long rows separated by coarse collage fibers.
matrix of fibrocartilage is more ______
acidophilic
what does lots of type 1 collagen help with
high tensile strength, under goes lots of pressure. can handle lots of pressures