Histology & Embryology Quiz on Chapter 3

Question 1

Name three adult structures that are derived from ectoderm

Answer 1

eyes, nose, tooth enamel, skin

Question 2

Name two hormones produced by the placenta

Answer 2

estrogen and progesterone

Question 3

Order of embryonic stages after the gametes form a union

Answer 3

1. zygote
2. morula
3. blastula
4. gastrula (3 germ layers)
5. neurula

Question 4

Inner cell mass/_________

Answer 4

blastula

Question 5

_________/gastrula

Answer 5

blastospore

Question 6

notochord/_______

Answer 6

neurula

Question 7

trophoblast/_______

Answer 7

blastula

Question 8

_________/neurula

Answer 8

neuralfold

Question 9

the _______ and umbilical cord are responsible for fetal respiration, nutrition and waste removal

Answer 9

placenta

Question 10

prior to development of the vascular system, the _____ system provides nutrients to the embryo

Answer 10

vitelline

Question 11

by 3 weeks the embryo is about _____ from the top of the head to the tail area

Answer 11

3-4mm

Question 12

the ___________ and ______ form the basis of the umbilical cord

Answer 12

allantosis

yolk sac

Question 13

the placenta originates from the

Answer 13

chorion

Question 14

what cavity of the blastula is the precursor for the neural tube

Answer 14

amniotic cavity

Question 15

what cavity of the blastula is the precursor for the GI tract

Answer 15

yolk sac

Question 16

the primitive streak puts pressure on what layer in the bilaminar disc to initiate gastrulation?

Answer 16

epiblast layer

Question 17

what membrane forms at the cephalic end of the bilaminar disc?

Answer 17

buccopharyngeal membrane

Question 18

what foramen in the heart diverts blood away from the pulmonary arteries and into the left atrium in the embryo and fetus

Answer 18

foramen ovale

Question 19

the four phases of the menstrual cycle are

Answer 19

1. follicular phase
2. ovulation
3. luteal phase
4. menstruation

Question 20

what are the three germ layers

Answer 20

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

Question 21

eyes come from which germ layer

Answer 21

ectoderm

Question 22

tooth enamel comes from which germ layer

Answer 22

ectoderm

Question 23

blood cells come from which germ layer

Answer 23

mesoderm

Question 24

what cells appear in response to this pressure? what is the course to gastrulation

Answer 24

migratory cells
mesenchyme cells
mesoderm layer

Question 25

a 3 week old embryo is _______ long

Answer 25

3-4 mm

Question 26

the buccopharyngeal membrane begins to develop

Answer 26

4 1/2 weeks

Question 27

the embryonic heart is seen as a

Answer 27

bulge

Question 28

which phase of mitosis is in the resting phase

Answer 28

interphase

Question 29

the _____ of the uterus provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo

Answer 29

endometrium

Question 30

T/F | spindles present during mitosis are attached to centromeres

Answer 30

false

Question 31

T/F | six weeks after conception, the stage of development is referred to as the period of fetus

Answer 31

false

Question 32

T/F | the nucleus contains diffuse DNA until cell division, when the 23 pairs of chromosomes become condensed

Answer 32

true

Question 33

T/F | the cell may contain more than one nucleolus during active protein synthesis

Answer 33

true

Question 34

T/F | the information in mRNA is translated by ribosomes located on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 34

true

Question 35

T/F | smooth muscle is under conscious control

Answer 35

false

Question 36

T/F | DNA replication takes place during the G1 phase of the cell cycle

Answer 36

false

Question 37

T/F | fertilization takes place in the distal third of the uterine tube

Answer 37

true

Question 38

t/f | endoderm and ectoderm are the first two germ layers to develop

Answer 38

true

Question 39

t/f | tissues are the most susceptible to teratogens during the embryonic period

Answer 39

true

Question 40

t/f | melanocytes are derived from neural crest cells

Answer 40

true

Question 41

t/f dermatome cells arise from the sclerotome and migrate to surround the notochrod and spinal cord, which form the spinal column

Answer 41

false

Question 42

t/f | the umbilical vein caries oxygenated blood

Answer 42

true

Question 43

t/f | the foramen ovale closes during the third week of prenatal life

Answer 43

false

Question 44

t/f | the foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left ventricle of the heart

Answer 44

false

Question 45

t/f | prior to development of the vascular system, the vitelline system provides nutrients to the embryo and fetus

Answer 45

true

Question 46

t/f | striated or voluntary muscle uses acetycholine as the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction

Answer 46

true

Question 47

neural crest cells migrate from the ______ _______ prior to fusion and closure of the neural tube

Answer 47

neural folds

Question 48

the myotome produces the _______ of the body

Answer 48

muscles

Question 49

_____________ bone formation occurs by condensations of mesenchymal cells without a cartilaginous scaffold

Answer 49

intramembranous

Question 50

blood cells begin to form in the __________ at 2 1/2 weeks of development

Answer 50

yolk sac