history- imperialism in general Flashcards
Definition
One country’s domination of the political, economic, and social life of another country or region
Three motives for imperialism
Nationalism
Industrial Revolution
feelings of racial, religious, and cultural superiority
Motive: Nationalism
Political and military motives
Competition between rival nations
Take land to sabotage expansion of other nations
Motive: industrial rev
Economic motive
Demand for raw materials and new markets
Outlet for europe’s growing pop
Motive: feelings of superiority
Social/cultural motive or humanitarian/religious motive
Belief that western civilization was superior to the civilization of colonial ppl
Missionaries trying to convert to Christianity
Discouraged colonial ppl from practicing traditional customs
Social Darwinism (not actually said by Darwin)
Belief that European races were superior bc of “survival of the fittest”
Imperial domination was natures way of improving human race
Forms of imperial rule
Colony
Protectorate
Sphere of influence
Colony
Strongest form
Imperial power directly rules it by internally governing a foreign power (sends their own govt officials in)
Protectorate
Moderate form
Local rulers left in place but under the control of imperial power
Local rulers expected to take advice of European advisors on big issues
Sphere of Influence
Weakest / loosest form
An outside power claims exclusive trading / investment rights ->that’s It
Negative effects of imperialism
Stripped of natural resources
Imperial power temporarily benefits while nation taken over is left in poverty
Starvation->forced to grow cash crops instead of food crops
Exploitation
Traditional ways are altered or ended->imperial powers force their “better” ways
Return to independence is difficult
Positive effects of imperialism
Advancements in:
Technology, transportation, railways, roads, hospitals, schools
How did native peoples respond
Surge of nationalism
Want to get rid of imperial powers
