How did the British try to maintain their technological “head start” over the rest of the world?
By enforcing strict laws against exporting inventions
After the secret(s) of industrialization got out, which two nations became the new world leaders (check both)?
Germany and The United States
Which East Asian nation became surprisingly successful at industrialization in the late 1800s?
Japan
What type of power became the replacement for steam as the century advanced?`
Electricity
What type of engine made automobiles and airplanes possible?
internal combustion engine
When was the first undersea cable laid across the Atlantic in order to enhance communication?
1860s
What did business owners sell in order to get needed capital for their businesses?
Stock
Why were monopolies regulated in many countries?
Because they threatened the free-enterprise system
What did the industrial and business families have that the nobility of Europe needed, which caused them to inter-marry?
Money
In middle class families, children were expected to be
Seen, but not heard
What was the “cult of domesticity?”
The idea that women should keep their homes as their husbands’ refuge
What was the temperance movement?
A push to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages
In what types of areas were women first granted the right to vote?
Frontier areas
Why was public education considered important in the 1800s?
To produce better citizens
How does Darwin’s theory of natural selection actually work?
Organisms with the physical traits best adapted to their environments survive
What is “Social Darwinism?”
The idea that wars and economic competitions show who is fittest in the social world
Social Darwinism has often been used to justify what sort of policy?
Racism
What was the social gospel?
The movement to have Christians engage in active social service
What was the name of the Germanic state created by Napoleon in the early 1800s?
The Confederation of the Rhine
Once Napoleon was defeated, what new Germanic state was created by the Congress of Europe?
The German Confederation
What was the name of the economic union created by the Prussians in the 1830s to boost trade?
the Zollverein
To whom did the Frankfort Assembly offer the crown of an united Germany?
Frederick William IV
What was Bismarck’s role in Prussia?
Chancellor
What aspect of Prussian power did Bismarck primarily emphasize?
The army
