Reductionism
Highest level: cultural and social
Middle level: psychological
Lower level: biological
Types of reductionism
Biological - physical level
Environmental - stimulus response
Experimental - isolated variables
Holism
Considering behaviour in terms of the whole
Types of holism
Gestalt- German whole
Humanistic- mental health
Cognitive- network of links
Evaluation
+bio reductionism➡️drug therapies
-too simplistic
-experimental reductionism- low validity
-experimental- non human studies