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Nutrition Oral > Horses B1-4 > Flashcards

Horses B1-4 Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

overweight BCS

A

7

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2
Q

obese BCS

A

8/9

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3
Q

3 contributing factors of obesity

A
  1. importance of feed
  2. genetics
  3. altered hormone regulation
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4
Q

what is the grandma effect

A

ponies with 24hr access to pasture consume 5% bw of dm

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5
Q

what decreases insulin sensitivity

A

hyperleptinaemia

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6
Q

what 2 nutrients are involved in the carb overload

A

starch and fructone

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7
Q

what does starch do to microbiome

A

increases lactate
decreases luminal pH
increase intestinal permeability and osmotic pressure
the bacteria by products will cause laminitis

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8
Q

causes of hyperinsulinaemia

A

corticosteroids
genetic disposition
obesity
ppid
lack of exercise
high starch

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9
Q

what does hyperinsulinaemia cause

A

laminitis

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10
Q

insulin resistance

A

when normal insulin doesnt remove glucose form the blood so more insulin is produced

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11
Q

How does insulin cause laminitis

A

vasoconstriction
increased adhesion molecules on endothelial cells.
increasing neutrophil emigration to laminar tissues

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12
Q

2 types of EGUS

A

ESGD - equine squamous gastric disease
EGGD - equine glandular gastric disease

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13
Q

2 types of ESGD

A

primary - management and nutrition
secondary - delayed gastric emptying

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14
Q

clinical signs of EGUS

A

loss of appetite
recumbent
poor performance
colicky
weight loss aggression & nervousness

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15
Q

nutritional risk factors of EGUS

A

high starch/ concentrates
low fibre
low saliva
increased ffa

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16
Q

management risk factors of EGUS

A

no pasture
training
stress
rare feeding occassions and large meals

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17
Q

treatment and diet for EGUS

Study These Flashcards
A

PPI
pasture or roughage for 16hrs
limit concentrates
use alfalfa and clover as a buffer
mix hay and granulates together
4-6daily feeding occasions; 1.5kg/100kg bw/day

18
Q

dysbiosis definition

Study These Flashcards
A

imbalance of microorganisms within gut

19
Q

dysbiosis cause

Study These Flashcards
A

excess grain and high starch feeds

20
Q

cause of diarrhoea

Study These Flashcards
A

due to carb overload causing osmotic diarrhoea

21
Q

impactions location

Study These Flashcards
A

gastric
ileal
cecla
large colon

22
Q

impactions

Study These Flashcards
A

dentition
fibre size
feed quality
water
ravenous eaters

23
Q

what is the definition of obesity

Study These Flashcards
A

> 20-25% of body mass is fat

24
Q

obesity can increase the risk of

Study These Flashcards
A

orthopaedic disorders
endocrine and metabolic disorders
abdominal and intestinal disorders
exercise intolerance
heat intolderance

25
clinical signs of equine metabolic syndrome
abnormal fatty deposits cresty neck
26
equine metabolic syndrome is associated with
obesity insulin resistance laminitis
27
diagnosis of equine metabolic syndrome
gllucose/insulin test oral glucose intolerance test frequently sampled IV glucose tolerance test
28
treatment of equine metabolic syndrome
first treat of laminitis exercise no concentrates or grains soak hay to remove sugar limit grass supplements and vitamins
29
result of chronic starvation
decerased metabolic rate decreased body condition decreased immune status EGUS increased endoparasites cold intolerance
30
result of acture starvation
insulin resistance stress pregnancy complications disease
31
what does the mobilisation of fat cause
VLDL overproduction by the liver causing hepatic lipidosis and hyperlipaemia
32
causes of airway dieases
stable dust mould spores on dry poor quality hay
33
nutritional prevention of airway diseases
pasture without hay supplementation haylage steamed hay pelleted or other processed or complete feed soaked hay is less effective due to energy nd vit c loss
34
muscular diseases
HYPP PSSM RER
35
HYPP
hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis
36
PSSM
polysaccharide storage myopathy
37
RER
recurrent extertional rhabdomyolysis
38
treatment for HYPP
limit K intake stabilise insulin
39
treatment for PSSM and RER
gradual aerobe training low carb high fat belgian drafts
40
PPID
pituitary pars intermedia disease cushings
41
clinical signs of PPID
weight loss skeletal muscle atrophy laminitis immunosuppression lethargy reproductive problems insulin resistance
42
treatment of PPID
pergolide diet for insulin resistant - oil, antioxidants, Mg,Chronium

Nutrition Oral (12 decks)

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