htlv Flashcards
htlv stands for
human t cell lymphotropic virus
what kind of virus is htlv
retrovirus - first one discovered
RNA virus- same 3 genes as HIV
-found in people who had leukemia
disease state of HTLV
-tends to remain latent in person for long time
-always will have once you get it
-can be asymptomatic for life
how will you know if you have HTLV
display symptoms or donate blood and find it
how is HTLV transmitted
sexual transmission, contaminated blood, mother to baby (breast milk)
HTLV1 causes
adult t cell leukemia
-characterized by lobed flower nucleus
-very progressive once you show symptoms
in HTLV1 if latent for a long time, increased risk of
developing t cell leukemia
MADDIEEE
HTLV2 transmitted during
sexual transmission
HTLV2 leads to
different pulmonary diseases and neurological disorders
where is HTLV found
Africa, middle and far east, Caribbean
testing for HTLV starts with
testing for the antibody
for HTLV if positive, follow up with
western blot (confirmatory)
for HTLV If positive on antibody, and negative on western blot=
repeat western blot again
-if negative it was a false positive
for HTLV if positive and indeterminate on WB
go to molecular
is blood tested for HTLV
yes
-look for antibodies and follow the algorithm
leading cause of mosquito borne diseases in US
West Nile Virus
primary reservoir for west nile
bird
vector for west nile
culex mosquito - can survive in dry climates
accidental host for west nile
human and horses - we become dead end host
less than 1% of people who get west nile contract
meningoencephalitis (most deadly form of virus)
is west nile state reportable
yes
IgM antibodies in west nile appear
3-8 days after onset of illness
-persist up to a year after illness
IgG antibodies in west nile
persist for life
