bioterrorism

Question 1

what kind of crime is bioterrorism considered

Answer 1

intentional crime - cause death in large number of people

Question 2

bioterrorism classified as either

Answer 2

overt
covert

Question 3

overt

Answer 3

effects immediate and is announced
-They want to take responsibility for it

Question 4

covert

Answer 4

a surprise or unannounced attack, reaction may not be immediate
-Lab or medical community first to recognize it is some kind of bioterrorism

Question 5

the anti-terrorism in 1996 from attack on world trade center and Oklahoma bombing caused

Answer 5

strict restriction to possession of materials to be used in possible act

-restriction on transport, ownership
-certain agents registered with CDC

Question 6

what makes a good bioterrorism agent?

Answer 6

-attack respiratory system quick
-no natural immunity to
-quickly and easily spread
-contaminate water
-infect air
-stay air borne long enough to infect
-human to human transmission

Question 7

category A

Answer 7

• Highest risk, high mortality rate, transmitted person to person
• Ebola, anthrax, Pestis, B. psuedomallei

Question 8

category B

Answer 8

• Moderate risk
• Perfringens toxin, brucella

Question 9

category c

Answer 9

• Emerging pathogens
• Engineering to become a bioterriost agent
• Fluid list

Question 10

biosafety levels dictate

Answer 10

what is done in your specific lab

Question 11

BSL-1

Answer 11

Works with organisms that have lowest rate of potential to do harm to somebody

ex. school labs

Question 12

BSL-2

Answer 12

potential to do harm organisms

-clinical labs

-BSL type 2 hood
-PPE
-sharp containers

Question 13

BSL-3

Answer 13

everything in BSL-2 plus * Negative air flow rooms – air only flows from less contaminated area to more contaminated

Question 14

BSL-4

Answer 14

• CDC labs
• Highest level of organism that can cause disease
• Decontamination chambers

Question 15

in response to 9/11 what was put in place

Answer 15

LRN- lab response network

-formed by department of health and human services

-chain of command and what to do with agent

Question 16

first lab to see any suspected bioterrorism agent

Answer 16

sentinel lab

-if sus send to reference lab

Question 17

NEVER want to put organism on

Answer 17

automated analyzer= contamination

Question 18

in sentinel lab must destroy or transfer any confirmed agent within

Answer 18

7 days

Question 19

what does reference lab do

Answer 19

recognize agent and follow protocol

-state health labs

Question 20

national labs

Answer 20

reconfirm the organism is what reference lab said
-notify US gov

-CDC

Question 21

Any environmental questionable specimen must immediately be sent to

Answer 21

reference lab — we do nothing with it
(soil, water, etc. contaminated)

Question 22

bacillus anthracis also known as

Answer 22

anthrax

Question 23

bacillus anthracis gram

Answer 23

+
spore forming

Question 24

bacillus anthracis wound, cutaneous

Answer 24

-most common
-dx black eschar
-doesn’t have to be deadly
-treat with cephalosporin

Question 25

bacillus anthracis inhalation

Answer 25

-wool sorters disease -inhale spores -60-70% mortality rate -also seen in imported drum coverings from africa

Question 26

bacillus anthracis GI form

Answer 26

-if inhale and swallow and get into GI -100% mortality rate

Question 27

Any blood culture that has bacillus species in it-- have to discover

Answer 27

what species it is

Question 28

ID characteristics of bacillus anthracis

Answer 28

○ Gamma hemolytic on BAP ○ Non-motile ○ Penicillin sensitive ○ Medusa head look Egg white appearance

Question 29

rapid test for bacillus anthracis

Answer 29

catalase + lecithinase +

Question 30

what causes tularemia

Answer 30

Francisella tularemia tularemia= hunters diease

Question 31

Francisella tuleremia reservoir

Answer 31

ticks -seen in beavers, rabbits from skinning -dosage for infection is low

Question 32

Francisella tuleremia inhalation

Answer 32

Creates a very deadly form of pneumonia

Question 33

how to work up suspected Francisella tularemia

Answer 33

under BSL-3 because of potential aerosolization -blood culture

Question 34

best specimen for Francisella tularemia

Answer 34

blood- organism can be intracellular

Question 35

growth for Francisella tularemia

Answer 35

cysteine -no growth on BAP and macconkey -maybe a little on choc

Question 36

best media for Francisella tularemia

Answer 36

blood glucose cysteine agar -takes 24 hrs to grow

Question 37

Francisella tularemia does not grow on

Answer 37

S.AUREUS STREAK

Question 38

tests for Francisella tularemia

Answer 38

weak catalase + urea and oxidase - gram - coccobacillus

Question 39

Yersinia Pestis causes

Answer 39

plaque -formation of buboes -Southwest US

Question 40

how is Yersinia Pestis transmitted

Answer 40

bite of infected flea -flea get it from rodents

Question 41

what do we worry about with Yersinia Pestis

Answer 41

septic plaque -gas gangrene deadly pneumonia

Question 42

blood cultures with Yersinia Pestis held at

Answer 42

RT -do one at 37 and one at RT

Question 43

ID characteristics of Yersinia Pestis

Answer 43

-enterobacteriaceae -oxidase - -non motile at all temps

Question 44

on macconkey Yersinia Pestis

Answer 44

grows and is lactase -

Question 45

Yersinia Pestis gram stain appearance

Answer 45

gram - rod safety pin

Question 46

rapid test Yersinia Pestis

Answer 46

○ Urea- ○ Catalase + Oxidase -

Question 47

burkholder psuedomallei also known as

Answer 47

vietnamese time bomb -Many vets years after returning from war, got reactivate and cause severe form of melanosis

Question 48

tests to ID Burkholder Psuedomallei

Answer 48

non-fermenter arginine + wrinkled colonies

Question 49

Burkholder Psuedomallei is confused with

Answer 49

P. stutzeri but this one is arginine -

Question 50

brucella causes

Answer 50

undulating fever

Question 51

brucella gram stain

Answer 51

gram - coccobacillus

Question 52

one of most common lab acquired illness

Answer 52

brucella

Question 53

brucella transmission

Answer 53

animal products

Question 54

brucella ID from blood in Castaneda bottle

Answer 54

21days to grow -newer systems takes 5-7 days

Question 55

tests to ID brucella

Answer 55

cat + ox+ urea + in 2 hours