HUBS 191 Lecture 30 Flashcards
(37 cards)
what are microbes
viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa
what are pathogens
microorganisms that cause disease
what is the function of primary lymphoid organs
production of white blood cells (lymphocytes)
what is the function of secondary lymphoid organs
sites where the immune response is initiated
what are the two primary lymphoid organs
the bone marrow and the thymus
what does the bone marrow produce
stem cells that develop into cells on the innate and adaptive immune responses
what is the function of the thymus
it is a ‘school’ for white blood cells called T cells. developing T cells to learn not to self react
what percent of T cell make it out of the thymus
10%
if cells coming out of the thymus are self-reactive what happens to them
they are killed
what are the two secondary lymphoid organs
the spleen and lymph nodes
what is the function of the spleen
it is the site of initiation for the immune response against blood-borne pathogens. it filters the blood and destroys blood borne pathogens
what is the function of the lymph nodes
they are where lymph fluid from the blood and tissue is filtered. it is the site of initiation of an immune response
where are the lymph nodes
along the lymphatic vessels
what are the three layers of the immune defence
chemical and physical barriers
the innate arm
the adaptive arm
what are the two layers of the skin
the epidermis and the dermis
what is the epidermis composed of
dead cells, keratin and phagocytic immune cells
what is the dermis composed of
a thick layer of connective tissue, collagen, blood vessels and phagocytic immune cells
why do dendritic cells have a large surface area
it increases their chances of interacting with another cell
what do antimicrobial peptides like skin defensins do
the form pores in microbial cell membranes
what do lysozymes do the bacteria and where are they found
they break down bacterial cell walls - they are the enzymes found in sweat
where does sebum come from and what is its function
sebaceous glands produce sebum which is a fatty substance that gives the skin an acidic barrier which prevents microbial growth
what is the function of salt in sweat
it draws the water out of the pathogen and dehydrates it
how may layers are there I a mucosal membrane
1-2
what is the function of goblet cells
they produce mucus that cells the cells moist and functions as a tract for microbes
