Hume Section Two | Essay Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the structure of Hume’s Section Two essay?
INTRODUCTION | TYPES OF PERCEPTIONS | COMPLEX IDEAS | COPY PRINCIPLE: FIRST ARGUMENT | COPY PRINCIPLE: SECOND ARGUMENT | MISSING SHADE OF BLUE | IDEAS SEEM MORE VIVID THAN IMPRESSIONS | ISSUES WITH MISSING SHADE OF BLUE | IMPRESSIONS ARE UNRELIABLE | PERSONAL JUDGEMENT
What is the structure of the introduction?
THIS ESSAY WILL… | I WILL PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW | I WILL RAISE AND RESPOND TO CRITICISMS | I WILL CONCLUDE WITH MY OWN PERSONAL JUDGEMENT
What is the structure of types of perceptions?
AIM | EMPIRICIST | IMPRESSIONS AND IDEAS | HEAT EXAMPLE | INWARD AND OUTWARD IMPRESSIONS | LOVE + ANGER EXAMPLE
What is Hume’s aim with An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding?
TO UNDERSTAND HOW HUMANS GAIN KNOWLEDGE
What is an empiricist?
SOMEONE WHO BELIEVES WE GAIN KNOWLEDGE THROUGH EXPERIENCE
What are impressions and ideas?
IMPRESSIONS - COME FROM OUR SENSES + MORE VIVID AND LIVELY | IDEAS - MEMORIES OF PAST IMPRESSIONS + LESS LIVELY AND VIVID
What is the heat example?
THE PAIN OF A BURN WILL ALWAYS BE MORE VIVID THAN REMEMBERING THE BURN | THE PLEASURE OF FEELING MODERATE WARMTH IS MORE VIVID THAN LOOKING FORWARD TO THE FEELING OF MODERATE WARMTH
What are inward and outward impressions?
OUTWARD - THINGS WE EXPERIENCE OUTSIDE OF OURSELF (HEAT) | INWARD - FEELINGS THAT ARISE WITHIN OURSELVES
What is the anger + love example?
REMEMBERING BEING ANGRY WILL NEVER BE AS INTENSE AS A FIT OF ANGER | NO ONE COULD CONFUSE THE IDEA OF BEING IN LOVE WITH ACTUALLY BEING IN LOVE
What is the structure of complex ideas?
HUMAN THOUGHT IS UNBOUNDED | EXAMPLES | COMPLEX IDEAS | EXAMPLES
What are the examples of thoughts being unbounded?
POOR MAN THINKING OF BECOMING WEALTHY OVERNIGHT | ORDINARY CITIZEN THINKING OF BECOMING KING
What happens to simple ideas to make them complex?
THEY ARE TRANSPOSED, COMPOUNDED, AUGMENTED OR DIMINISHED BY THE IMAGINATION
What are examples of complex ideas?
OUTWARD EXAMPLE - GOLDEN MOUNTAIN | INWARD EXAMPLE - VIRTUOUS HORSE
What is the structure of the copy principle: first argument?
COPY PRINCIPLE | COMPLEX IDEAS | GOD
What is the copy principle?
IDEAS ARE COPIES OF IMPRESSIONS (WHICH ARE LESS VIVID THAN THE ORIGINAL IMPRESSIONS)
How is God an example of the copy principle?
WE TAKE THINGS LIKE WISDOM AND GOODNESS AND AUGMENT/EXTEND THESE TO MAKE AN ALL KNOWING, ALL LOVING BEING
What is the structure of the copy principle: second argument?
IMPAIRED SENSES EXAMPLES | ABSENCE OF EXPERIENCE EXAMPLES | SPECIES EXAMPLES
What is the second argument for the copy principle?
IT SEEMS TO BE IMPOSSIBLE TO HAVE AN IDEA OF SOMETHING YOU HAVE NOT EXPERIENCED
What are the impaired senses examples?
BLIND MAN - HAVING NO IMPRESSION OF COLOUR MEANS HE COULD NOT HAVE AN IDEA OF IT | DEAF MAN - HAVING NO IMPRESSION OF SOUND MEANS HE COULD NOT HAVE AN IDEA OF IT
What are the lack of experience examples?
SOMEONE WHO HASN’T TASTED WINE COULDN’T HAVE THE IMPRESSION OF THE TASTE OF WINE | A GENTLE PERSON HAS NO IDEA OF DETERMINED REVENGE OR CRUELTY | A SELFISH PERSON HAS NO IDEA OF FRIENDSHIP OR GENEROSITY
What are the species examples?
BATS - ECHOLOCATION
What is the structure of the missing shade of blue?
MISSING SHADE OF BLUE | DOES NOT THREATEN THEORY
What is the missing shade of blue?
IF THERE WAS A LINE UP OF DIFFERENT SHADES OF BLUE AND THERE WAS ONE SHADE MISSING, WE WOULD BE ABLE TO IMAGINE THAT SHADE
Why does the missing shade of blue not threaten Hume’s theory?
IT IS SINGULAR
