Utilitarianism | Quotation Essay Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the structure of the Utilitarianism essay?
INTRODUCTION | OVERVIEW | HEDONIC CALCULUS | HIGHER AND LOWER PLEASURES | ACT AND RULE UTILITARIANISM | EVALUATING THE HEDONIC CALCULUS | EVALUATING THE EQUITY PRINCIPLE| EVALUATING HIGHER AND LOWER PLEASURES | CONCLUSION
What is the structure of the introduction?
THIS ESSAY WILL… | I WILL PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW | I WILL RAISE AND RESPOND TO STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES | I WILL CONCLUDE WITH MY OWN PERSONAL JUDGEMENT
What is the structure of the overview?
GREATEST HAPPINESS PRINCIPLE | CLASSICAL UTILITARIANISM | EQUITY PRINCIPLE | CONSEQUENTIALIST PRINCIPLE | HEDONIC PRINCIPLE
What is the greatest happiness principle?
ACTIONS ARE RIGHT IF THEY PROMOTE HAPPINESS | WRONG IF THEY PROMOTE THE OPPOSITE
What is the equity principle?
THE HAPPINESS OF ANY GIVEN PERSON CANNOT BE MORE OR LESS IMPORTANT THAN ANY OTHER PERSON
What is the consequentialist principle?
CONSEQUENCES ARE THE PRIMARY FACTOR IN DECIDING WHETHER AN ACTION IS MORALLY RIGHT OR WRONG
What is the hedonic principle?
ALL HUMANS SEEK PLEASURE AND AVOID PAIN
What is the structure of the hedonic calculus?
HEDONIC CALCULUS | CRITERIAS
What is the hedonic calculus?
A TOOL DESIGNED TO QUANTITATIVELY MEASURE THE PLEASURE AND PAIN GENERATED BY ACTIONS
What are the seven criterias?
INTENSITY - STRENGTH OF PLEASURE OR PAIN | DURATION - HOW LONG IT LASTS | CERTAINTY - PROBABILITY OF PLEASURE OR PAIN OCCURING | PROPINQUITY - HOW IMMEDIATE OR REMOTE IT IS | FECUNDITY - LIKELIHOOD OF PLEASURE BEING FOLLOWED BY PLEASURES | PURITY - LIKELIHOOD OF PLEASURE BEING FOLLOWED BY PAIN | EXTENT - AMOUNT OF PEOPLE AFFECTED
What is the structure of higher and lower pleasures?
HIGHER AND LOWER PLEASURES | COMPETENT JUDGES
What are higher and lower pleasures?
HIGHER - PLEASURES OF THE MIND (PHILOSOPHY, POETRY) | LOWER - PLEASURES OF THE BODY (EATING, DRINKING, SEX)
Why did Mill create higher and lower pleasures?
HE DISAGREED WITH BENTHAMS HEDONIC CALCULUS AND HOW IT DOES NOT DISTINGUISH BETWEEN PLEASURES
What are competent judges?
SOMEONE WHO HAS EXPERIENCED BOTH TYPES OF PLEASURE
What is the structure of act and rule utilitarianism?
ACT AND RULE UTILITARIANISM | HARD AND SOFT RULE UTILITARIANISM
What is act and rule utilitarianism?
ACT - DOING THE THINGS THAT MAXIMISES HAPPINESS | RULE - ABIDES BY A RULE THAT MAXIMISES HAPPINESS (DON’T LIE, ALWAYS KEEP PROMISES)
What is hard and soft rule utilitarianism?
HARD - NEVER BREAK THE RULES | SOFT - DEVIATE FROM THE RULES IN SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
What is the structure of the conclusion?
IN CONCLUSION, I… | OVERALL…
