Hypertension

Question 1

Diagnosing hypertension?

Answer 1

1. If BP > 140/90
   - Diagnosis of hypertension requires 3 BP measurements >140/90 on at least 2 different days (3 by WHO)
2. If BP > 160/110
   Diagnosis of hypertension requires 2 BP measurements >160/110 on the same day

Question 2

WHO definition of hypertension?

Answer 2

BP greater than 140/90 on at least 3 different days

Question 3

Target blood pressure in a normal person?

Answer 3

<140/90
systolic: 90-119
diastolic 60-79

Question 4

Target BP in patients with CKD?

Answer 4

<130/80

Question 5

Target BP in diabetic nephropathy?

Answer 5

<125/75

Question 6

Target BP in elders (65+)?

Answer 6

<150/90

Question 7

2 main modalities of treatment?

Answer 7

1. non-pharmacologic
2. pharmacologic

Question 8

Non pharmacological recommendations?

Answer 8

1. quit smoking
2. dietary changes
   - reduce total and saturated fat intake
   - reduce daily salt intake
3. physical activity
   - 30 minutes of exercise a day
4. weight control
   - lose weight if obese
5. alcohol intake
   - reduce alcohol if you take more than 3 units a day