Hypertension Drugs Flashcards
Name the Antagonists to voltage-gated L-type calcium channels. (3)
- Diltiazem
- Nifedipine
- Verapamil
What are the effects of the voltage-gated L-type calcium channel antagonists?
- Reduces smooth muscle contraction.
- Causes vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.
Name an Osmotic diuretic.
Mannitol
What are the effects of Mannitol as a diuretic?
- Passes through the nephron, but not reabsobed.
- Atering the osmolarity of urine and prevents water being reabsorbed.
How is Mannitol given to a patient?
IV injection
Name the Loop diuretics (2)
- Frusemide
- Bumetanide
What are the effects of loop diuretics?
- Inhibits the NKCC2 co-transporter.
- Stopping ions being taken out of the urine
- Water can’t be reabsorbed from the descending loop.
Name the Potassium-sparing diuretics. (3)
- Spironolactone
- Amiloride
- Triamterene
What are the effects of Spironolactone?
- Competitive antagonist of aldosterone.
- Decreases sodium movement and decreasing water reabsorption.
What are the effects of Amiloride and Triamterene?
- Blocks sodium channels in the lumen membrane.
- Reducing water reabsorption and potassium loss.
Name the ACE inhibitors. (3)
- Captopril
- Enalapril
- Ramipril
What are the effects of the ACE inhibitors?
- Competitive inhibitors of the ACE enzyme.
- Decreasing aldosterone secretion and vasoconstriction.
What are two side effects of ACE inhibitors?
- Initial hypotension
- Coughing
Name the competitive antagonists of ATII receptors. (2)
- Losartan
- Valsartan
What are the effects of Losartan and Valsartan?
- Blocks ATII receptors
- Stops aldosterone secretion, which decreases vasoconstriction.
