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NAPLEX > ID: Bacterial Infection > Flashcards

ID: Bacterial Infection Flashcards

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1
Q

2 organisms that live on the surface of the skin

A

staphylococci

streptococci

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2
Q

perioperative skin infection treatment (2)

A

cefzolin

cefuroxime

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3
Q

Organism concern for colorectal surgery (3)

A

skin flora
Gram -
anaerobic organisms

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4
Q

prophylactic options for colorectal surgery (5)

A 
cefotetan 
cefoxitin 
unasyn
ertapenem
metronidazole + cefazolin or ceftriaxone
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5
Q

prophylactic options for cardiac or vascular surgery (2)

A

Cefazolin

Cefuroxime

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6
Q

prophylaxic optons for hip fracture/total joint replacement (1)

A

cefazolin

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7
Q

define meningitis and common symptoms

A

inflammation of mininges (membranes) that cover the brain and spinal cord. The meninges swell causing 3 classic symptoms: severe headache, nuchal rigidity ( stiff neck ) and altered mental status

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8
Q

3 common bacteria causing meningitis

A

Streptococcus pneumonia
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae

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9
Q

First line treatment for AOM (2)

A

Amoxicillin

Augmentin

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10
Q

What is the appropriate amoxicillin to clavulanate ratio

A

14:1

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11
Q

pharyngitis also known as

A

strep throat

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12
Q

main organism cause for pharyngitis

A

S. pyogenes

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13
Q

Treatment for pharyngitis

A

Penicillin

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

Define bronchitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi

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15
Q

3 most common bacteria for CAP

A

S. pneumonia
H. influenzae
M pneumonia

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16
Q

CAP treatment (2)-outpatient

A

Macrolide

Doxycycline

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17
Q

CAP treatment (2)-Inpatient

A

Beta-lactam + macrolide or doxycycline
-ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ampicillin
Respiratory quinolone

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18
Q

common pathogens in HAP and VAP

A

Gram -

  • Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
  • GNR: Enterobacter, E. coli, Klebsiella
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19
Q

Tuberculosis is caused by?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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20
Q

Latent TB treatment (3)

A

Isoniazid
Rifampin
INH and rifapentine

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21
Q

Active TB treatment

A 
"RIPE"
Rifampin
Isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
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22
Q

common side effect of rifampin

A

orange-red discoloration of body secretions

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23
Q

What to monitor for all RIPE drugs

A

inc. LFTs

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24
Q

how is infective endocarditis diagnosed

A

Modified Duke Criteria

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25
3 most common organisms that cause IE
Staphylococci stretococci enterococci
26
What drug do you add for IE if there is a prosthetic valve
Gentamicin
27
What drug do you add for IE if you suspect a biofilm
Rifampin
28
Prophylaxis for IE prior to dental procedures
Amoxicillin
29
Define primary peritonitis and what it is also known as
SBP: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | infection of the peritoneal space that often occurs in patients with liver disease
30
3 most common organisms for SBP
Streptococci Enteric Gram - (proteus, E. coli, klebsiella, PEK) anaerobes
31
Treatment for SBP
ceftriaxone
32
primary or secondary prophylaxis of SBP (2)
SMX/TMP | ciprofloxacin
33
Define cholecystits
acute inflammation of the gallbladder due to an obstructive stone
34
Define chlangitis
infection of the common bile duct and is generally managed with bile decompression and antimicrobial therapy
35
Define a mild SSTI
systemic signs are absent
36
Define a moderate SSTI
systemic signs present | -temp > 100.4, heart rate >90, WBC > 12,000, or < 4000
37
Define a severe SSTI
failed incision and drainage (I&D), if purulent + oral antibiotics or signs of a deeper infection (fluid-filled blisters, skin sloughing, hypotension, or evidence of organ dysfunction ), or patient is immunocompromised
38
Define impetigo
blister-like rash usually around the nose, mouth, hands, and arms. blisters produce a thick yellowish clear fluid that dries and forms honey-colored crusts
39
Cause for impetigo
MSSA
40
treatment for impetigo (2)
mupirocin | cephalexin-if multiple lesions
41
Difference b/w folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle
folliculitis: hair follicle infection furuncle: infection in hair follicle and surrounding tissue carbuncle: group of infected furuncles
42
folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle which needs treatment
carbuncle: I&D | systemic signs: cephalexin
43
Define cellulitis
non-purulent infection
44
treatment for cellulitis
Cephalexin
45
Define Abscess
purulent infection
46
Treatment for abscess
single & no systemic signs: I&D | systemic: I&D, bactrim
47
SSTIs due to stpah and strep
impetigo folliculitis/furuncles/carbuncles cellulitis abscess
48
Necrotizing fasciitis treatment
Vancomycin + beta-lactam | zosyn, imipenem/cilastin, meropenem
49
Define pyuria
positive leukocyte esterase or > 10 WBC
50
DOC for uncomplicated UTI
nitrofurantoin
51
Treatment for uncomplicated upper UTI
ciprofloxacin
52
Treatment for complicated UTI
carbapenem
53
Travelers' diarrhea treatment
azithromycin
54
S/S of chlymydia
genital discharge or no symptoms
55
S/S of gonorrhea
genital discharge or no symptoms
56
S/S syphilis
painless, smooth genital sores (chancre)
57
S/S of HPV
genital warts or no symptoms
58
S/S of trichomoniasis
yellow/green frothy vaginal discharge; soreness, pain with intercourse
59
DOC for syphilis
Penicillin g benzathine
60
Gonorrhea treatment
ceftriaxone + azithromycin or doxycycline
61
chlamydia treatment
azithromycin
62
Bacterial vaginosis treatment
metronidazole PO or gel
63
trichomoniasis treatment
metronidazole
64
genital warts (HPV) treatment
Imiquimod cream

NAPLEX (65 decks)

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