Lab Values & Drug Monitoring

Question 1

What is hemoglobin

Answer 1

oxygen carrying protein in RBCs

Question 2

what is hematocrit

Answer 2

level of RBCs in the fluid component of the blood or plasma

Question 3

averge life span of RBCs

Answer 3

120 days

Question 4

average life span of platelets

Answer 4

7-10 days

Question 5

term for inc. WBC

Answer 5

leukocytosis

Question 6

term for inc. RBC

Answer 6

polycythemia

Question 7

term for inc. platelets

Answer 7

thrombocytosis

Question 8

term for dec. WBC

Answer 8

leukopenia

Question 9

term for dec. RBC or Hgb

Answer 9

Anemia

Question 10

term for dec. platelets

Answer 10

thrombocytopenia

Question 11

Hematopoietic cells make what 3 cells

Answer 11

RBC, WBC, platelets

Question 12

What drugs inc. Ca (2)

Answer 12

Vitamin D

Thiazides

Question 13

What drugs dec. Ca (4)

Answer 13

long-term heparin
loop diuretics
bisphosphonates
cinacalcet

Question 14

What drugs dec. Mg (2)

Answer 14

PPIs

diuretics

Question 15

What drugs inc. K (10)

Answer 15

ACEi
ARB
Aldosterone receptor antagonists
aliskiren
canagliflozin
CsA
tacrolimus
K supplements
Bactrim
drospirenone

Question 16

Drugs that dec. K (3)

Answer 16

beta-2 agonists
diuretics
insulin

Question 17

Drugs that dec. Na (4)

Answer 17

carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
SSRI
diuretics

Question 18

Drugs that dec. Bicarbonate (1)

Answer 18

topiramate

Question 19

Drugs that inc. WBC (1)

Answer 19

systemic steroids

Question 20

Drugs that dec. WBC (2)

Answer 20

clzapine

carbamazepine

Question 21

another name for neutrophils

Answer 21

polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs)

Question 22

Drugs that dec. folic acid (5)

Answer 22

phenytoin/fosphenytoin
phenobarbital
primidone
methotrexate
Bactrim

Question 23

Drugs that dec. Vit B12 (2)

Answer 23

PPIs

metformin

Question 24

Drugs that inc. amylase/lipase (3)

Answer 24

GLP-1 agonists
DPP-4 inhibitors
Valproic acid

Question 25

FPG + for diabetes

Answer 25

>126 mg/dL

Question 26

FPG + for pre-DM

Answer 26

100-125 mg/dL

Question 27

BUN: SCR ratio determines dehydration

Answer 27

> 20:1

Question 28

normal pH

Answer 28

7.35-7.45

Question 29

normal pCO2

Answer 29

35-45

Question 30

normal HCO3

Answer 30

22-26

Question 31

ABG order

Answer 31

pH/pCO2/pO2/HCO3/O2 sat

Question 32

anion gap mneumonic

Answer 32

``` CUTE DIMPLES cyanide uremia toluene ethanol diabetic ketoacidosis isoniazid methanol propylene glycol lactic acidosis ethylene glycol salicylates ```

Question 33

normal ANC

Answer 33

2200-8000

Question 34

Neutropenia

Answer 34

<1000

Question 35

Severe neutropenia

Answer 35

<500

Question 36

Profound neutropenia

Answer 36

<100

Question 37

protein has x kcal/gram

Answer 37

4 kcal/g

Question 38

carbohydrates have x kcal/gram

Answer 38

4 kcal/g

Question 39

fat has x kcal/gram

Answer 39

9 kcal/g

Question 40

protein requirement for a non-stressed, ambulatory patient

Answer 40

0.8-1 g/kg/day

Question 41

1 gram of nitrogen for each ___ grams of protein

Answer 41

6.25 gram

Question 42

Dextrose has x kcal/gram

Answer 42

3.4 kcal/g

Question 43

10% ILE (injectable lipid emulsion) has x kcal/mL

Answer 43

1.1 kcal/mL

Question 44

20% ILE (injectable lipid emulsion) has x kcal/mL

Answer 44

2 kcal/mL

Question 45

30% ILE (injectable lipid emulsion) has x kcal/mL

Answer 45

3 kcal/mL

Question 46

normal serum Ca

Answer 46

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

Question 47

at what level of albumin should Ca be corrected

Answer 47

<3.5 g/dL

Question 48

corrected Ca

Answer 48

Ca = Ca[reported] + [(4-albumin) x (0.8)]

Question 49

human blood osmolarity

Answer 49

285 mOsm/L