Immune System - Exam 2

Question 1

What is the function of the immune system?

Answer 1

provide protection and defense against foreign organisms in the body

Question 2

What are the foreign organisms in the body?

Answer 2

pathogens

Question 3

What are the things involved in the immune system?

Answer 3

• white blood cells
• specialized proteins
• linings and secretions
• chemical messengers

Question 4

What is another name for white blood cells?

Answer 4

leukocytes

Question 5

What WBC type is involved in destroying invading pathogens?

Answer 5

myelocytes

Question 6

What WBC type is involved in forming antibodies or activated lymphocytes?

Answer 6

lymphocytes

Question 7

What amount of WBCs are stored in bone marrow compared to circulation?

Answer 7

3 times as many

Question 8

Describe the line of defense order

Answer 8

• 1st LOD- nonspecific physical and chemical surface barriers
• 2nd LOD- if pathogen passes the barriers, nonspecific internal cellular and chemical defense
• 3rd LOD- if pathogen survives nonspecific internal defense, immune response

Question 9

What are the physical barriers in the 1st LOD?

Answer 9

skin
acid mantle
mucus
tears
wax

Question 10

What are the chemical barriers in the 1st LOD?

Answer 10

mucus with antimicrobial agents
tears with antimicrobial agents
stomach acid

Question 11

What are the four things involved in the 2nd LOD?

Answer 11

• defense cells
• defense proteins
• inflammation
• fever

Question 12

What do defense cells do?

Answer 12

engulf and destroy pathogens

Question 13

What are the two types of defense cells?

Answer 13

monocytes/macrophages

neutrophils

Question 14

Where do neutrophils originate?

Answer 14

bone marrow

Question 15

Where are immature neutrophils found?

Answer 15

as precursor cells in bone marrow

Question 16

Where are mature neutrophils found?

Answer 16

circulation