Immune System Overview Flashcards
(19 cards)
what are the two main goals of the immune system
protection against pathogens
removing altered self
what three things should an immune cell recognize about “self”
recognize self
recognize altered self
recognize non self
what are the three methods of defense
mechanical
cellular
humoral
what are some mechanical barriers
skin saliva tears mucous gastric acid
which branch of the immune systems is the first line of defense inside the body
innate
what type of signals does the innate system respond to
broad nonspecific pattern based signals
what branch of the immune system is the second line of defense
adaptive
how long does it take for the innate system to act? after several exposure
minutes or hours
the same amount of time
how long does it take for the adaptive system to act? After rptd exposure
days or weeks
gets quicker every time
Innate cells are generally _____ lineage and adaptive cells are generally _____ lineage
myeloid
lymphoid
are NK cells innate or adaptive? lymphoid or myeloid?
innate
lymphoid
what two hypotheses discuss receptor generation on B cells and T cells
instructionist hypothesis
clonal selection hypothesis
instructionist hypothesis
a single receptor molds to an antigen with varying affinties
clonal selection
antigen receptors are preformed and antigen selects the clones with the correct receptor
what are the four principles of clonal selection
each lymphocyte has a single antigen receptor
receptor and antigen with high affinity leads to activation
clones have the same receptor as parent cells
receptors for attacking self are deleted
what is the primary defense against extracellular pathogens
antibodies
neutralization
opsonization
complement
what is the primary defense against intracellular pathogens
cell mediated response from T cells or macrophages
most innate cells have ____ inside of them
granules
NK cells are found in the _____ but do not need education because they belong to the _____ branch of the immune system
thymus
ininate
