Immunity 1 and 2

Question 1

PRR exist even before encountering a specific bacteria

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Inflammatory responses are general responses

Answer 2

true

Question 3

characteristics of FUO

Answer 3

fever greater than 101 F
lasts longer that 3 weeks
cause is not determined in 1 week

Question 4

IFN Alpha stimulates

Answer 4

phagocytosis

Question 5

IFN Beta stimulates

Answer 5

phagocytosis

Question 6

IFN Gamma are products of

Answer 6

T cells

Question 7

IFN Alpha and Beta are products of

Answer 7

nmany cells including lymphocytes, ,fibroblasts and macrophages

Question 8

IFN Gamma are

Answer 8

immune regulators of macrophages and T & B cells

Question 9

Immune systems are responsible for

Answer 9

body survellience

recognition and destruction of foreign bodies

Question 10

How many lines of defense are there

Answer 10

3

Question 11

How many lines are innate?

Answer 11

1

Question 12

What are the names of the innate and non specific lines of defense?

Answer 12

1st and second line

Question 13

What are the major types first line defenses?

Answer 13

Physical barriers
chemical barriers
genetic components

Question 14

System of protective cells and fluids that act w hen the first line is circumvented

Answer 14

Second Line of Defense (non-specific)

Question 15

Second line Mechanisms

Answer 15

Phagocytosis
Fever
Inflammation
Antimicrobial Proteins

Question 16

Functions of Phagocytes

Answer 16

survey tissues for targets
engulfment
Antigen extraction from foreign matter

Question 17

Types of phagocytes

Answer 17

neutrophiles
Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
Mast Cells
Eoisinophils

Question 18

How many steps are in phagocytosis?

Answer 18

6

Question 19

What are the steps for phagocytosis

Answer 19

Chemotaxis
adhesion
engulfment
phagolysosome
Destruction
Elimination

Question 20

What happens during Chemotaxis and adhesion

Answer 20

the phagocyte find the antigen and the antigen binds to the phagocytes MHC II receptor

Question 21

The immunogen is taken into the phagocyte and is stored within a phagosome in the cytoplasm of the phagocyte

Answer 21

Engulfment

Question 22

Phagolysosome

Answer 22

The phagosome fuses with lysosome to kill the antigen

Question 23

Characteristics of inflammation

Answer 23

Rubor
Calor
Tumor
Dolor

Question 24

The site of inflammation appears red

Answer 24

Rubor

Question 25

The site of inflammation is experencing discomfort or pain

Answer 25

Dolor

Question 26

The sight of the infection is raised and seems full

Answer 26

Tumor

Question 27

The sight of the infection feels hot

Answer 27

Calor

Question 28

What can cause inflammation

Answer 28

Infection Tissue injury phys and chem agents specific immune reactions

Question 29

Function of Inflammation

Answer 29

Mobilize and attract immune components Start repair Clear away antigenic substances Destroy microbes and prevent further infection

Question 30

What are the stages of inflammation

Answer 30

INJURY Vascular reaction edema Resolution

Question 31

how many steps are in there in the inflammation process

Answer 31

4

Question 32

What initiates Fever?

Answer 32

when pyrogens reset the hypothalamic thermostat to a a higher temperature

Question 33

what substance causes fever?

Answer 33

pyrogens

Question 34

Types of pyrogens

Answer 34

Exogenous and Endogenous

Question 35

substance comes from inside the body

Answer 35

endogenous

Question 36

substance comes from outside the body

Answer 36

exogenous

Question 37

what does fever reduce?

Answer 37

antigen reproduction bacterial METABOLISM Iron and Sugar availability

Question 38

What does fever increase?

Answer 38

Body temp | WBC count

Question 39

Types of antimicrobial proteins

Answer 39

INF Complement Iron-binding proteins (Siderphore) Peptides (Defensin)

Question 40

What are the steps of Complement

Answer 40

``` Initiation Amplification cascade polmerization membrane attack ```

Question 41

what is amplified by complement

Answer 41

inflammation

Question 42

what are 3 results of complement

Answer 42

Lysis inflammation opsonization

Question 43

the marking of cells or antigens for destruction

Answer 43

Opsonization

Question 44

What are markers made of

Answer 44

proteins and/or sugar

Question 45

What do markers distinguish

Answer 45

Self and nonself

Question 46

How many body body compartments are there?

Answer 46

4

Question 47

What are the body compartments?

Answer 47

Reticuloendothelial System Lymohatic system Extracellular Fluid vascular system

Question 48

function of RES

Answer 48

provides passage btwn tissues and organs

Question 49

functions of the Lymphatic System

Answer 49

surveillance recognition protection Drain for inflammatory reaction

Question 50

What can Cytokines do?

Answer 50

Mediation of nonspecific immune reactions and vasoactive reactions regulate growth and activation of lymphocytes